Rancang bangun alat pengepres minyak nabati dengan sistem kombinasi tekan puntir

SUPRIANTO, Hari, Dr.-Ing., Ir. Sihana

2010 | Tesis | S2 Magister Sistem Teknik

Pemisahan mekanis minyak nabati yang ada selama ini menggunakan alat pres yaitu pure press atau screw press, perlu inovasi dibuat alat pres lain menggunakan sistem kombinasi tekan puntir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat alat pres tekan puntir untuk mendapatkan rendemen yang tinggi, mudah dioperasikan dan murah dapat dijangkau untuk diaplikasikan pada indutri kecil atau industri rumah tangga. Alat pres ini dibuat kapasitas volum 6 liter. Uji performa alat pres ini menggunakan bahan biji nyamplung (callophylum inophyllum L) dengan 3 jenis perlakuan awal yaitu biji nyamplung dipanaskan sangrai pada 110°C selama 45 menit, biji nyamplung dipanaskan dijemur selama 8 jam dan biji nyamplung terfermentasi. Untuk nyamplung sangrai dan jemur diblender, selanjutnya dilakukan penyaringan dengan ukuran 3 mm untuk mendapatkan ukuran halus dan ukuran kasar > 3 mm. Hasil dari uji performa alat pres sistem kombinasi tekan puntir didapatkan rendemen tertinggi 30,84%, sedang biji nyamplung dengan perlakuan awal yang sama menggunakan hydraulic press didapatkan rendemen tertinggi 29,83%. Teori ergonomik untuk posisi duduk pada pemutaran engkol alat pres sistem kombinasi tekan puntir didapatkan 2,6 kg. Hasil analisis ekonomi alat ini relatif murah dengan asumsi harga Rp. 2,000,000/unit.

Extraction of fluid content for making bio oil is normally carried out using press machine, either pure press or screw press. In this research, a new pressing machine combining the screw-press is investigated. The objective of this research is to find a new pressing machine that can obtain high rendemen,with easy operation and cheap so that can be used by a small or home industry. The machine can process a raw material with volume capacity of 6 liters. The performance of this machine has been examined using raw material callophylum inophylum L (traditionally known as nyamplung). There are three different treatments for raw material before they are put in the machine. The first one is roasted with temperature of 110°C for about 45 minutes, the second one is sun-dried for about 8 hours and the last one is fermented. After the treatment, the raw material is separated based on their size using filter with diameter of 3 mm. Those that pass the filter is considered to be fine mesh and the fail one is considered as a coarse mesh. The results of this investigation show that this new machine has rendemen of 30.84% for fine mesh raw material, which is higher than the conventional pressing machine. From ergonomic point of view, this machine can be operated easily using only force of 2.6 kg. Finally, the selling price of this machine is about Rp. 2.000.000.00 per unit. This price is believed to be affordable by a small or even home industry.

Kata Kunci : Tekan puntir,Callophylum inophyllum L,Rendemen ; screw-press, callophylum inophylum L, rendemen