Faktor risiko kematian maternal pada preeklamsia berat dan eklamsia di Rumah Sakit Dr. Sardjito tahun 2004-2007

HAWA, La Royba, Dr. H.. Risanto Siswosudarmo, SpOG(K)

2009 | Tesis | PPDS 1-Obstetri dan Ginekologi

Latar belakang: Angka kematian maternal preeklamsia berat merupakan penyebab utama kematian maternal di Rumah Sakit Sardjito dalam empat tahun terakhir. Sebanyak 26% selama periode 2004 sampai dengan 2007. Alasan ituiah penelitian tentang risiko kematian maternal pada preeklamsia berat dan eklamsia dilakukan. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari faktor risiko kematian yang teijadi pada kasus preeklamsia berat dan eklamsia. Rancangan penelitian: Studi kasus kontrol Bahan dan Cara penelitian:. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Sardjito periode empat tahun dari 2004 sampai dengan 2007. Data diambil dari rekam medik. Kasus adaiah pasien yang meninggal akibat preeklamsia berat dan eklamsia. Kontol adalah seluruh pasien yang menderita preeklamsia berat dan eklamsia yang hidup. Faktor risiko yang diteliti adalah umur ibu, pemeriksaan antenatal, kejang, angka trombosit, SGOT dan SGPT. Digunakan chi square tes dan logistik regresi model untuk analisis statistik. Hasil: Didapatkan 8 kematian dari 422 kasus preeklamsia berat dan eklamsia. Case fatality rate pada penelitian ini 1,9%. Faktor risiko yang bermakna adalah angka trombosit (OR 10,23; 95% CI 2,38 ± 43,96), umur ibu (OR 8,05; 95% CI 1,881 ± 34,46), kejang (OR 7,41; 95% CI 1,72 ± 31,96), pemeriksaan antenatal (OR 4,64; 95% CI 1,09 ± 19,76), SGOT (OR 5,09; 95% CI 1,24 ± 20,84), SGPT (OR 6,02; 95% CI 1,47 ± 24,72). Kesimpulan: Case fatality rate pada preeklamsia berat dan eklamsia adalah 1,9%. Faktor risiko yang bermakna pada kematian maternal adalah angka trombosit, umur ibu, kejang, pemeriksaan antenatal, SGOT dan SGPT. Kata kunci: Preeklamsia dan eklamsia, faktor risiko, kematian maternal, case fatality rate.

Background: Maternal mortality rated caused by severe preeclampsia is the greatest among other causes of maternal death in Sardjito during the last four years. It was (26%) during the period of 2004 to 2007. For that reasons risk factors of maternal death due to preeclampsia are important to investigate. Objective; The aime of the studies is to find out the risk factors of maternal death among preeclampsia and eclampsia cases. Study Design: Case control study Methods: The study was carried out in Sardjito Hospital during the period in four years from 2004 to 2007. Data were taken from medical record. Cases were patients who died because of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Controls are all patient suffering from preeclampsia and eclampsia who survived. Risk factors being investigated were maternal age, antenatal care, seizure, thrombocyte count, SCOT and SGPT. Chi square test and logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis. Results: There were 8 deaths among 414 preeclamptic cases giving case fatality rate of 1,9%. The significant risk factor are thrombocyte coimt (OR 10,23; 95% CI 2,38 ± 43,96), maternal age (OR 8,05; 95% CI 1,881 ± 34,46), seizure (OR 7,41; 95% CI 1,72 ± 31,96), antenatal care (OR 4,64; 95% CI 1,09 ± 19,76), SGOT (OR 5,09; 95% CI 1,24 ± 20,84), SGPT (OR 6,02; 95% CI 1,47 ± 24,72). Conclusions: Case fatality rate for preeclampsia and eclampsia was 1,9%. The significant risk factors for maternal deaths are thrombocyte count, maternal age, seizure, antenatal care, SGOT and SGPT. Keywords: Preclampsia and eclampsia, risk factors, maternal death, case fatality rate

Kata Kunci : Preeklamsia dan eklamsia,Faktor risiko,Kematian maternal,Case fatality rate