Isolasi dan identifikasi kapang penghasil aflatoksin pada tiga varietas buah merah (Pandanus conoideus Lamk.)

PRASETYANTINAH, Ian, Langkah Sembiring, M.Sc., Ph.D

2009 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Dalam upaya mengetahui adanya aflatoksin dan keanekaragaman kapang penghasil aflatoksin dalam buah merah dilakukan penelitian mengenai deteksi aflatoksin dan keanekaragaman kapang penghasil aflatoksin dalam sampel tiga varietas lokal buah merah Maler, Barugum, Yanggiru dari Sentani dan Maler dari Wamena. Sebanyak 54 isolat kapang anggota genus Aspergillus berhasil diisolasi secara direct dan dilution plating. Hasil isolasi diseleksi dengan médium YES + 0, 3βcyd, kemudian diseleksi lebih lanjut dengan medium YES + 0, 3Mβcyd. Berdasarkan uji aflatoksin dengan metode KLT Scanner spektrodensitometer in situ dihasilkan 8 isolat penghasil flatoksin. Berdasarkan karakterisasi secara fenotipik, lima isolat yang memproduksi aflatoksin tinggi yaitu BMS15, BMW5, BMS10, BMW1, BMS1 diidentifikasi sebagai anggota Aspergillus flavus FNCC 6122. Dengan demikian, 3 varietas buah merah yaitu Maler, Barugum, Yanggiru dari Sentani dan Maler dari Wamena mengandung aflatoksin dalam konsentrasi aman dan kapang penghasil aflatoksin yang diduga sebagai anggota spesies Aspergillus flavus.

In the effort to know the presence of aflatoxin and aflatoxin producing the research on isolation and identification of aflatoxin producing fungi in the three varieties of buah merah, Maler, Barugum, Yanggiru from Sentani and Maler from Wamena was conducted. There were 54 isolates of Aspergillus genera were isolated with direct and dilution plating. Those isolates were selected on YES + 0,3βcyd médium, then selected on YES + 0, 3Mβcyd médium. Based on aflatoxin in situ spectrodensitometry TLC Scanner assay, there were found 8 aflatoxin producing fungi isolates. Based on quantitative result was found five isolates which were produce high aflatoxin, namely BMS15, BMW5, BMS10, BMW1, BMS1. Based on phenothypic characteristics, those isolates were identified as a member of Aspergillus flavus FNCC 6122. Therefore it could be said that those three varieties containing aflatoxin at safe concentration, and those fungus were identified as the member of Aspergillus flavus

Kata Kunci : Isolasi,Identifikasi,Buah merah (Pandamus conoideus Lamk),Kapang,Penghasil aflatoksin,Aspergillus flavus