Perubahan kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat perdesaan di kawasan pertambangan :: Kasus pada wilayah perdesaan sekitar kawasan pertambangan PT. Antam.Tbk di Kabupaten Kolaka Sulawesi Tenggara

ZULFIKAR, Dr. Su Ritohardoyo, MA

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Lingkungan

Penelitian membahas tentang perubahan kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat perdesaan di kawasan pertambangan PT. Antam Tbk terletak di Kecamatan Pomalaa Kabupaten Kolaka Propinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Selain PT. Antam Tbk terdapat pula beberapa perusahaan kuasa pertambangan baru lainnya. Hal ini berdampak pada perubahan kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat di sekitar pertambangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kegiatan pertambangan dan peran perusahaan dalam mendukung aktifitas sosial ekonomi dan mengkaji perubahan sosial ekonomi masyarakat di kawasan pertambangan Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dengan kuesioner melalui wawancara terhadap 207 responden pada 2 daerah sampel yakni desa Hakatotobu dan desa Oko-oko, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dokumen Andal, laporan pemantauan lingkungan, laporan triwulan, RKP/RPL, SOP operasi pertambangan, laporan sebaran kuasa pertambangan baru, tanya jawab dengan humas beberapa kuasa pertambangan baru dan data yang berkaitan dengan tujuan penelitian. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa keberadaan perusahaan pertambangan berdampak pada perubahan kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat di kawasan pertambangan. Sehingga mempengaruhi (1) keinginan masyarakat untuk berubah yang ditunjukkan oleh perubahan kondisi pendidikan, kesehatan, permukiman dan interaksi sosial; (2) Interaksi masyarakat terhadap kondisi lingkungan yang tercemar akibat sedimentasi yang ditunjukan dengan kemampuan masyarakat dalam bidang pekerjaan, pendapatan dan pengeluaran; termasuk (3) kegiatan pertambangan telah memberikan andil terhadap penyediaan sarana prasarana sosial ekonomi masyarakat perdesaan di kawasan pertambangan.

This research discusses about the change of social and economic conditions in the minefield of PT. Antam Tbk which is located in Pomalaa Sub District of Kolaka Regency of South East Sulawesi. Except of PT. Antam Tbk, there are also several new companies in mine sector. It influences the changing of social and economic condition around the mining. This research has the objectives of describing the mining activity and the company’s role in supporting social and economic activity and also describing the change of social and economic conditions in the minefield. This research used survey method with questionnaire through interview to the 207 correspondents in two sample areas that were Hakatotobu and Oko-oko villages, whereas the secondary data was gained secured document, environment monitoring report, quarter of year report, RKP/RPL, mining operation SOP, the spreading report of new mining authority, questionnaire with public relations of several new mining authorities and the data which was related with the aim of this research. The result of the research shows that the existing of the mining company has the impact in the change of social and economic conditions in the minefield. So it influences (1) Society desirability to be changed which is showed by the change of education, health, residence and social interaction conditions; (2) Interaction of the society about environment condition that has been polluted because of sedimentation which has showed from the ability of the society in job, income and outcome areas: and also include (3) The mining activity have given contribution in equipping the facilities of social and economic of rural society in minefield.

Kata Kunci : Perubahan sosial ekonomi,Lingkungan,Dampak pertambangan ; Change of Social and Economic, Environment, Mining Impact