The relationship between transformational leadership stlye and work commitments of staffs at the Hospital National Guido Valadares-HNGV in Dili Timor Leste, 2009

SILVA, Domingos da, Prof. dr. Laksono Trisnantoro, M.Sc., Ph.D

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat/Master of Public Heal

Latar Belakang : Rumah sakit “Hospital Nacional Guido Valadares/HNGV” adalah salah satu rumah sakit nasional yang ada di Timor Leste dengan tugas utama melakukan pelayanan di bidang kuratif dan merupakan rumah sakit pusat rujukan. Hal yang menjadi masalah di rumah sakit HNGV, adalah kesetiaan dan loyalitas terhadap kepemimpinan. Di pihak manejemen, para pemimpin baik pemimpin puncak dan menengah dan bahwa belum kompeten dan kurang mampu dalam membangun komitmen bersama guna mencapai tujuan organisasi. Masih kurangnya komitmen kerja karyawan oleh karena pengaruh pimpinan terhadap bawahan masih belum maksimal. Tujuan : Menguji hubungan antara keempat aspek gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dari staf dengan komitmen kerja karyawan di HNGV. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian crossectional survey. Informasi yang dikumpulkan dari responden mengunakan kuesioner sebagai alat pengumpulan data yang pokok dan berlaku hanya pada saat penelitian. Subyek penelitian adalah karyawan dari Rumah Sakit HNGV Dili yaitu dokter, perawat baik yang bekerja sebagai fungsional dan struktural, dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan pencuplikan bertingkat (stratified sampling) dan diikuti dengan pencuplikan sederhana. Hasil dan pembahasan: Gaya kepemimpinan transformasional menurut karyawan masih tergolong sedang (2,91). Komitmen afektif hampir mendakati baik (3,45), pada karyawan golongan/level 4 dan 5 sudah cukup baik yaitu sebesar 4,07 dan 3,67 kelompok usia 40-49 tahun juga mempunyai skor komitmen afektif yang cukup baik pula yaitu sebesar 3,75. Komitmen kantinum masih berada di tingkat sedang (2,95). Komitmen normatif juga masih berada di tingkat sedang (3,07), Namun pada karyawan golongan/level 4 mempunyai komitmen normatif cukup baik yaitu sebesar 3,56. Uji statistik dengan regresi linier menunjukkan bahwa keempat aspek gaya kepemimpinan transformasional berhubungan positif signifikan terhadap komitmen afektif, komitmen kontinuance dan komitmen normatif pada (p<0,05). Dimana masing-masing aspek gaya kepemimpinan mempunyai hubungan positif bermakna sebagai berikut: aspek intellectual stimulation terhadap comitmen afektif, idealized influence terhadap comitmen continuance dan ada dua aspek baik intellectual stimulation dan individual consideration terhadap comitmen normatif. Kesimpulan dan saran: Terdapat hubungan positif signifikan persepsi gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dengan komitmen afektif, komitmen kontinuance dan komitmen normatif. Perlu dilakukan pendekatan psikologis yaitu pendekatan perilaku kepemimpinan transformasional dalam aktualisasi manajemen rumah sakit.

Background: The Hospital National Guido Valadares/HNGV is one of the national hospitals located in Timor Leste which has the main responsibility of providing medical services in the field of curative measures and is the central hospital for referral purposes. One of the main issues in the HNGV hospital is commitment and loyalty towards the leadership aspect of the hospital. In the management side of the hospital, the executive management, both those at the very top and those at the middle management are still not optimally competent in managerial skills and have not been able to build a mutual commitment amongst staffs in order to achieve the organization’s goals. The working commitment amongst staffs by the influence of superiors towards subordinates has yet to be maximized, due to issues about patients and social complains in regard to actual hospital health services delivery. Objective: To analyze the relationship between four aspects of transformational leadership style from the staffs and working commitment of staff at the HNGV hospital. Method: The type of research that has applied was the descriptive research that used the cross-sectional survey research design. Information that has collected from the respondents was through the use of questionnaire as a tool for the main data collection and was only valid during the course of the research. The research subjects were staffs at the HNGV Hospital in Dili such as doctors nurses that handles jobs either functionally or structurally , wherein samples were selected using the stratified sampling technique. Result and discussion: Transformational leadership style according to the staff was still considered moderate (2.91). Affective commitment has considered close to being good (3.45), amongst the level 4 and 5 staff group it was considered already satisfactory with score of 4.07 and 3.67, respectively. The 40-49 years old group also had an affective commitment score that was satisfactory with the score of 3.75.The continuance commitment has still in the moderate level (2.95). The normative commitment was also still in the moderate level (3.07), However, staff in the level 4 group had a normative commitment that was satisfactory with the score of 3.56. The statistical test using the linear regression has showed that the four aspects of transformational leadership style had a significant and positive relationship towards affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitment in (p<0.05). Each of four factors of transformational leadership style that has been a significant and positive relationship towards it is component of commitment, respectively intellectual stimulation to affective commitment, idealized influence to continuance commitment and both intellectual stimulation and individual consideration to normative commitment. Conclusion and recommendation: There was a significant and positive relationship between the perception of transformational leadership style and affective commitment, continuance commitment as well as normative commitment. Therefore there needs to be psychological approach or in other words behavioral approach of transformational leadership in the actualization of hospital management.

Kata Kunci : Kepemimpinan transformasional,Komitmen organisasi,Aktualisasi manajemen,transformational leadership,organizational commitment,management actualization