Proses pengambilan keputusan tentang aborsi di Perkumpulan Keluarga Berencana Indonesia (PKBI) Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB)

SOPIATUN, Rita, Prof. dr. M. Hakimi, SpOG(K), Ph.D

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar belakang: Setiap hari terdapat 55.000 kasus aborsi tidak aman, 95% diantaranya terjadi di negara berkembang. Determinan aborsi adalah usia, status perkawinan, pendidikan, pekerjaan, agama, suku dan tempat tinggal. Aborsi di kota Mataram sebesar 13,6%, disebabkan kegagalan Keluarga Berencana 25,8%, tanpa penggunaan kontrasepsi 74,2%, dan alasan mencoba menggugurkan 33,3%. Hasil studi pendahuluan bahwa 40 klien yang datang berkunjung ke klinik Perkumpulan Keluarga Berencana Indonesia (PKBI) untuk konsultasi masalah Kehamilan yang Tidak Diinginkan (KTD). Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui proses pengambilan keputusan tentang aborsi aborsi di klinik Perkumpulan Keluarga Berencana Indonesia Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB). Metode penelitian: Jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Subjek penelitian adalah ibu yang pernah melakukan aborsi dan terdaftar sebagai klien di klinik PKBI Propinsi NTB. Cara penggambilan subjek menggunakan teknik purposive. Tahapan analisis data meliputi: menyusun transkrip data, membuat koding, penyajian data. Hasil: Penyebab terjadinya KTD pada klien adalah kegagalan menggunakan alat kontrasepsi dan tidak menggunakan salah satu alat kontrasepsi, sedangkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya aborsi adalah jarak anak dekat, peran keluarga, cukup anak, alasan medis, faktor ekonomi, peran orang lain dan faktor pemberi pelayanan. Sedangkan otonomi pengambilan keputusan dalam keluarga lebih dominan oleh suami. Kesimpulan: Proses pengambilan keputusan terhadap KTD untuk aborsi tidak mudah, banyak faktor dan orang-orang yang terlibat didalamnya sampai pada akhir klien memutuskan untuk aborsi.

Background: Each day around 55.000 unsafe abortions are estimated to happen, and 95% of which happens in many developing countries. Based on research, the abortion determinants are, among others, age, marital status, education, occupation, religion, ethnic group, and residency. Abortion rate in Mataram Municipality is 13.6%, which is caused by some factors such as contraceptive failure 25.8%, no use of contraceptive 74.2% and reasons to try to abort pregnancy 33.3%. Previous study revealed that there were 40 clients who visited to the clinic of Indonesian Parenthood Plan Association (IPPA/PKBI) to consult about unwanted pregnancy. Objective: To study factors that affect pregnant women to decide to abort their pregnancy at PKBI clinic of Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) Province. Method: A descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data gathering was done through in depth interview and observation. Study subjects were women that had aborted and were registered as client at PKBI clinic of NTB Province. Subjects were collected using purposive method. The stage of analysis comprised data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion or verification. Result: The causes of unwanted pregnancy were contraceptive failure and no use of contraceptive device, while factors that affected abortion were close birth interval, family’s role, number of children, medical reason, economic reason, other people’s role, and service provider’s role. In addition, the autonomy to make the decision in family was the dominant factor of the husband. Conclusion: The process to make a decision concerning unwanted pregnancy to abort a pregnancy was easy. Many factors were involved that ultimately a woman decided to do abortion.

Kata Kunci : Kehamilan tidak diinginkan,Aborsi,Proses pengambilan keputusan,unwanted pregnancy,abortion,decision making process.