Pengaruh adjuvan polioksietilen alkil aril eter terhadap dinamika beta-siflutrin pada kubis (Brassica oleracea)

HIDAYAT, Danie, Prof. Dr. Sri Noegrohadi, M.Sc., Apt

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Farmasi

Didaerah tropis, budidaya kubis (Brassica oleracea) rawan diserang berbagai OPT. Untuk menjamin kualitas hasil panen tetap baik maka digunakan pestisida ramah lingkungan. Petani sering menggunakan pestisida dengan dosis melebihi dosis anjuran bahkan untuk meningkatkan efek terhadap OPT sering ditambahkan adjuvan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui dan mempelajari dinamika insektisida β-siflutrin dalam tanaman kubis dan pengaruh penambahan adjuvan senyawa polioksietilen alkil aril eter dilingkungan tropis. Deteksi insektisida β-siflutrin untuk mengetahui laju dissipasi pada tanaman kubis (Brassica oleracea) daun, rompesan dan kubis dengan dua perlakuan berbeda (tanpa adjuvan dan penambahan adjuvan). Determinasi β- siflutrin dilakukan pada hari ke -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 dan 14 setelah penyemprotan terakhir. β-siflutrin diektraksi dengan pelarut diklorometana : petroleum eter (1:1) dan dipekatkan. Hasil ekstrak dimurnikan (clean up) secara kromatografi kolom dengan fase diam florisil:karbon dan fase gerak diklorometana:toluena (1:1). Ekstrak pekat β-siflutrin ditentukan secara kromatografi gas-detektor penangkap elektron. Laju dissipasi β-siflutrin dihitung berdasarkan kinetika reaksi orde satu. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh semakin ke dalam posisi lapisan tanaman kubis maka konsentrasi β-siflutrin yang terdeposisi semakin kecil. Tanaman kubis yang disemprot β-siflutrin dengan ditambahkan adjuvan senyawa polioksietilen alkil aril eter memperlihatkan peningkatan konsentrasi β-siflutrin yang terdeposisi. Secara statistika, laju dissipasi β-siflutrin dosis satu dan dosis dua dalam bagian daun, rompesan dan kubis berbeda secara signifikan. Laju dissipasi β-siflutrin dengan ditambahkan adjuvan dibandingkan laju dissipasi β-siflutrin tanpa adjuvan dalam tanaman kubis berbeda secara signifikan. Berdasarkan nilai DT50 dapat disimpulkan laju dissipasi β-siflutrin dalam lingkungan tropis lebih cepat dibandingkan dalam lingkungan sub tropis.

In tropical zone, the cabbage breeding was attacked by plant teaser organism. For ensure quality of cabbage crop remains good then it was used friendly environment pesticide. Farmer often using pesticide with higher dosage than suggested dosage even for increasing effect towards plant teaser organism often it was added adjuvant. The purpose of this research is knowing and learning the dinamic of insecticide β-cifluthrin in cabbage and influence additional adjuvant polyoksiethylen alkyl aryl ether in tropical environment. Detection of insecticide β-cifluthrin for knew dissipation rate in cabbage plant ( Brassica olerace , leaves, middle site and cabbage with two different treatment ( without adjuvant and with adjuvant ). Determination of β-cifluthrin was carried out at day -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 and 14 after the last spray. Β-cifluthrin was extracted by solvent dicloromethane : petroleum ether ( 1:1 ) and preconcentrated. Extract was cleaned up by column chromatography with stasionary phase was florisil : carbon and mobile phase was dikloromethane : toluene ( 1:1 ). Extract pre concentrated β-cifluthrin was carried out by gas chromatography with electron capture detector. Dissipation rate β-cifluthrin was measured based on kinetic of first order reaction. This research was obtained that more deep site of layer cabbage so concentration of deposited β-cifluthrin more small. Cabbages that sprayed with β- siflutrin added adjuvant polyoxyethilen alkyl aryl ether showed that concentration of deposited β-cifluthrin was increase. Statistically showed that dissipation rate the first dossage and second dossage of β-cifluthrin in leaves, middle site and cabbage was significantly different. β-cifluthrin dissipation rate was added adjuvant of cabbage and β-cifluthrin dissipation rate without adjuvant was significantly different. Based on DT50 value, it was concluded β- cifluthrin dissipation rate in tropical environment more quick than sub tropical environment.

Kata Kunci : GC,ECD,Laju dissipasi,Adjuvan,Tropis,β-cifluthrin,dissipation rate,Gas Chromatography,adjuvant,tropical zone