Hubungan antara distribusi spasial layanan paratransit dengan keterkaitan fungsional antar wilayah di Kabupaten Bireuen Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam

RACHMAT. M, Ir. Bambang Hari Wibisono, MUP., M.Sc., Ph.D

2009 | Tesis | S2 MPKD

Paratransit merupakan moda transportasi alternatif yang masih sangat dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat Bireuen ketika angkutan umum formal tidak mampu melayani wilayah-wilayah tertentu secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara distribusi spasial layanan paratransit dengan keterkaitan fungsional antar wilayah yang ada di Kabupaten Bireuen. Distribusi spasial layanan paratransit meliputi jumlah pangkalan, jumlah angkutan, dan jangkauan pelayanan moda itu sendiri. Sedangkan keterkaitan fungsional antar wilayah dapat dilihat dari keterkaitan fisik, keterkaitan pelayanan jasa dan keterkaitan pergerakan penduduk. Lokasi penelitian ini di wilayah perkotaan Bireuen yang terdiri dari lima kecamatan yang berbatasan langsung dengan ibukota kabupaten yaitu Kecamatan Kota Juang, Kecamatan Jeumpa, Kecamatan Juli, Kecamatan Kuala, dan Kecamatan Peusangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma positivistik, metode induktif-deduktif, dan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode induktif-deduktif digunakan secara bertahap. Metode induktif digunakan untuk mencari konsep distribusi spasial layanan paratransit karena belum ada konsep yang mendasarinya. Metode deduktif digunakan saat menunjukkan hubungan antara distribusi spasial layanan paratransit dengan keterkaitan fungsional antar wilayah dengan dasar teori keterkaitan antar wilayah. Hasil penelitian ini adalah; Pertama. terdapat hubungan antara distribusi spasial layanan paratransit dengan keterkaitan fungsional antar wilayah di Kabupaten Bireuen. Kedua.Terdapat dua konsep distribusi spasial layanan paratransit yaitu; distribusi spasial paratransit yang berorientasi pada pusat-pusat kegiatan masyarakat, dan distribusi spasial layanan paratransit yang berorientasi pada sistem transportasi. Lebih lanjut, terdapat tiga faktor yang saling berhubungan satu sama lain yang menunjukkan hubungan yang sama antara distribusi spasial layanan paratransit dengan keterkaitan fungsional antar wilayah. Faktor-faktor tersebut adalah; jarak, jumlah penduduk, dan intensitas perjalanan paratransit.

Paratransit is an alternative transportation mode that is still desperately needed by people in Bireuen when the formal public transport is not able to serve certain areas optimally. This study aims to show the relationship between spatial distribution of paratransit services with the functional linkages between existing areas in Bireuen District. Spatial distribution of paratransit services include a base amount, the amount of freight, and modes of service coverage itself. Whereas functional linkages between regions can be seen from the physical interconnection, interconnection and service interconnection population movements. The location of this is in urban areas of Bireuen which consists of five districts bordering directly with the district capital, those are Kota Juang District, Jeumpa District, Juli District, Kuala District, and Peusangan District. This research uses positivistic paradigm, inductive-deductive method, and qualitative approaches. Inductive-deductive method is used in stages. Inductive method is used to find the concept of spatial distribution of paratransit services because there is no underlying concept. Deductive method is used when showing the relationship between spatial distribution of paratransit services with the functional connection between regions with the basic theory of inter-regional linkages. The results of this study are: First, there is a relation between the spatial distribution of paratransit services with the functional connection between regions in Bireuen District. Second, There are two concepts of spatial distribution of paratransit services: paratransit spatial distribution oriented centers of community activity, and spatial distribution of paratransit service-oriented transportation system. Furthermore, there are three interrelated factors relate to each other showing the same relationship between the spatial distribution of paratransit service with the functional connection between regions. These factors are: distance, population, and the intensity of paratransit trips.

Kata Kunci : Angkutan umum formal,Paratransit,Keterkaitan antar wilayah ; formal public transportation, paratransit, inter-regional linkages.