Supporting sustainable urban agriculture in Bandarjaya City Lampung Province

NUGROHO, Asep, Prof. Dr. R. Rijanta, M.Sc

2009 | Tesis | S2 MPKD

Peningkatan pertumbuhan penduduk juga urbanisasi merupakan tantangan bagi Kota Bandarjaya ke depan, peningkatan tersebut menyebabkan berbagai masalah terkait infarstruktur, lapangan kerja, ketahanan pangan, masalah lingkungan dan sanitasi. Pertanian kota diharapkan dapat mengatasi masalah ketahanan pangan, masalah lingkungan dan sanitasi. Dilain pihak, pertanian kota dapat juga mengganggu lingkungan kota jika praktiknya tidak mengindahkan dampak terhadap lingkungan kota. Agar pelaksanaan pertanian kota bisa berlangsung dan tidak mengganggu lingkungan kota perlu dikembangkan pertanian kota berkelanjutan. Pertanian kota berkelanjutan merupakan kapasitas pertanian memproduksi makanan tanpa mengganggu kesehatan lingkungan. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada dokumentasi praktek pertanian kota di Bandarjaya dan mengetahui keberlanjutan praktik pertanian kota di bandarjaya dan juga peran pemerintah dalam mendukung pertanian kota berkelanjutan dengan menggunakan studi kasus kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data primer diperoleh dari interview dan dan data sekunder diperoleh melalui desk study. Kesimpulan dari studi ini adalah a) mayoritas petani kota Bandarjaya merupakan petani penggarap lahan sawah; b) secara umum masalah yang dihadapi petani kota Bandarjaya adalah kekurangan air, terbatasnya modal, pengetahuan dan rendahnya dukungan pemerintah terhadap penyediaan air dan pembinaan penggunaan pupuk kimia dan pestisida secara baik c) penggunaan pupuk organik harus ditingkatkan, sementara penggunaan pupuk kimia harus dikurangi, pemakaian pestisida masih terkendali karena petani di Bandarjaya hanya menggunakan sedikit pestisida untuk lahan pertanian mereka. Berdasarkan praktek-praktek tersebut pertanian kota berkelanjutan masih mungkin dilaksanakan di Kota Bandarjaya. Pemerintah berperan dalam menyediakan benih untuk pertanian, bantuan ternak, bibit ikan, pengukuran kualitas air. Secara umum peran pemerintah tertuju pada peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi sektor pertanian tetapi kurang dalam pembinaan penggunaan pupuk kimia dan pestisida.

The increasing growth of population as well as increasing urbanization is the challenge for Bandarjaya City in the future. This situation will create problems related to public infrastructure, settlements, labours, food security, environmental problem and sanitation. Urban agriculture can be a promising way to cope with food security problem, environmental problem and sanitation. Urban agriculture can also harm the urban environment if the practices or urban agriculture does not pay attention to environmental impact. In order to ensure urban agriculture can be undertaken well without compromising environmental impact on account of its activities, sustainable urban agriculture has to be developed. Sustainable agriculture deals with the capacity of farm to produce food without hurting or severing environmental health. The objective of this research is to document the practices of urban agriculture in Bandarjaya City and to understand how sustainable are urban agriculture practices in Bandarjaya City and the role of government in supporting sustainable urban agriculture. The research is focusing on documenting the practices of urban agriculture in Bandarjaya City, how sustainable urban agriculture practice and government role in supporting sustainable urban agriculture in Bandarjaya City by using qualitative and quantitative study. Primary data is gotten from interview and questionnaire and secondary data is gotten from desk study. The major results of this research are a) Most of farmers in Bandarjaya City are engaged in wetland agriculture; b)Generally, the problems met by urban farmers in undertaking urban agriculture in Bandarjaya City are lack of water, low capital, low skill and also less support from government mainly in providing enough water to watering their farmlands also less attention from government to guide farmers to use chemical fertilizer and pesticides well; c) The use of organic waste for farmland in Bandarjaya City needs to be increased as in existing situation, the use of organic waste still lower than it should be. The use of chemical fertilizer must be diminished as in existing condition, the use of chemical fertilizer exceeds the standard of the use of chemical fertilizer. The use of pesticides is still managed well as in existing situation, the farmers use pesticides while they are needed, no need to use pesticides routinely; d) Local government has already given much attention to support urban agriculture in Bandarjaya City like by measuring the quality of river water, providing seeds for farmland, animal husbandry, fisheries. But, in common, government’s endeavour is the way how to increase the agricultural products without taking into account environmental health impact.

Kata Kunci : Pertanian kota, Urbanisasi, Kota Bandarjaya