Ekspresi cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), ketebalan endometrium dan jumlah sel epitel luminal uterus akibat pemberian kurkumin pada Rattus norvegicus strain Sprague Dawley setelah mendapat stimulasi luteinizing hormon

PURWANTI, Ery, Prof. Dr. Sri Kadarsih Soejono, M.Sc., Ph.D., AIFM

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Dasar dan Biomedis

Kurkumin merupakan bahan alam yang mempunyai berbagai aktivitas biologis, dintaranya sebagai antifertilitas. Belum ada penelitian tentang efek kurkumin khususnya yang berkaitan dengan stimulasi LH di endometrium. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui ekspresi enzim COX-2, ketebalan endometrium dan jumlah sel epitel luminal uterus akibat pemberian kurkumin setelah stimulasi LH. Dilakukan penelitian dengan rancangan eksperimental post-test control randomized group design terhadap 30 ekor tikus Rattus norvegicus Strain Sprague Dawley betina, berusia 28 hari, dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok, diinduksi ovulasi dengan PMSG, kemudian diberi perlakuan sebagai berikut : (K1) aquades, (K2) LH 10 IU + aquades, (K3) CMC 1 ml, (K4) LH 10 IU + CMC 1ml , (K5) kurkumin 100mg/kg BB + CMC 1 ml dan K6) LH 10 IU + kurkumin 100 mg/kg BB + CMC 1 ml. Kurkumin diberikan secara oral selama 4 hari dan LH diberikan dengan injeksi intramuscular satu kali pada hari pertama ovulasi. Hari ke 5 tikus dikorbankan untuk diambil uterusnya dan dibuat preparat mikroskopik HE untuk pengukuran tebal endometrium dan IHC untuk pengukuran ekspresi COX-2 dan jumlah sel epitel luminal uterus. Analisis statistik menggunakan Anova satu jalan, dilanjutkan dengan DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test). Untuk mengetahui perlakuan yang berpengaruh menggunakan multiple comparation analysis. Analisis statistik ekspresi COX-2 menunjukkan peningkatan yang bermakna antara kelompok K5 dengan kelompok K6 (p<0,05). Penurunan yang bermakna (p<0,05) ditunjukkan antara kelompok K4 dengan kelompok K6. Hasil analisis multiple comparation menunjukkan yang berpengaruh terhadap ekspresi COX-2 di epitel luminal adalah LH, kurkumin, kurkumin + LH dan di epitel glandular, LH dan kurkumin. Ketebalan endometrium menunjukkan penurunan tetapi tidak bermakna (p>0,05) antara kelompok K6 dengan K4 . Hasil multiple comparation menunjukkan yang berpengaruh terhadap ketebalan endometrium adalah kurkumin. Hasil analisis statistik jumlah sel epitel luminal uterus juga menunjukkan penurunan tetapi tidak bermakna (p>0,05) antara kelompok K6 dengan K4. Dari hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa kurkumin 100 mg/kg BB setelah stimulasi LH 10 IU menurunkan ekspresi COX-2 baik di epitel luminal maupun epitel glandular melalui salah satu jalur dari jalur rangsangan LH , tetapi tidak menurunkan ketebalan endometrium dan jumlah sel epitel luminal uterus Rattus norvegicus Strain Sprague Dawley.

Curcuma is a natural substance that has various kinds of biological activities, such as anti fertility. However, until recently, there have been no any studies that investigate curcuma effects, especially those that are related to LH stimulation in endometrium. This study aimed to investigate the expression of COX-2 enzyme, the thickness of endometrium and the number of epithelial cells of luminal uterus as an effect of the giving of curcuma after LH stimulation. The study was done with post-test control randomized group design toward 30 female Rattus norvegicus Strain Sprague Dawley, which were 28 days of age, divided into 6 groups, induced the ovulation with PMSG, and then given treatments as follows: (G1) aquades, (G2) LH 10 IU + aquades, (G3) CMC 1 ml, (G4) LH 10 IU + CMC 1ml , (G5) curcuma 100 mg/kg Body Weight + CMC 1 ml and (G6) LH 10 IU + curcuma 100mg/kg Body Weight + CMC 1 ml. Curcuma was given orally for 4 days and LH was given through intramuscular injection once at the first day of ovulation. The rats were then slain to be taken their uterus and it was used to make HE microscopic preparation to measure the thickness of endometrium and IHC to measure the expression of COX-2 and the number of epithelial cells of luminal uterus. The statistical analysis used one-way Anova, followed by DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test). To know the influential treatments, multiple comparison analysis was used. The statistical analysis of COX-2 expression showed a significant increase in Group 5 and Group 6 (p<0.05) while a significant decrease was shown in Group 4 and Group 6 (p<0.05). The analysis result of multiple comparison showed that LH, curcuma, curcuma + LH and in glandular ephitelia, LH and curcuma were influential toward the expression of COX-2 in luminal ephitelia. The thickness of endometrium showed a decrease but insignificant (p>0.05) in Group 6 and Group 4. The result of multiple comparison showed that curcuma was affecting the thickness of endometrium. Based on the statistical analysis, the number of epithelial cells of luminal uterus also showed a decrease although it was insignificant (p>0.05) which happened in Group 6 and Group 4. from those results, it could be concluded that curcuma 100 mg/kg Body Weight after the stimulation of LH 10 IU reduced the expression of COX-2 both in luminal epithelia and in glandular epithelia through one of lines of LH stimulation, but did not reduce the thickness of endometrium and the number of epithelial cells of luminal uterus of Rattus norvegicus Strain Sprague Dawley.

Kata Kunci : Cyclooxygenase,Kurkumin,Luteinizing hormon,