Komparasi kebijakan pemberantasan korupsi di China dan Indonesia

SIAHAAN, Torkis Panangian, Prof. Dr. Budi Winarno

2009 | Tesis | S2 Hubungan Internasional

China dan Indonesia mempunvai persamaan menvangkut karaktei-istik birokrasi pain monial yang memberikan lahan yang subur hagi berkembarignva korupsi. Oleh kai-ena itu kedua negara dihadapkan pada persoalan korupsi yang akut yang terjadi dalam rentang sejarab ang panjang. Namun, clibandingkan dengan Indonesia, China mernpunvai prestasi yang Iebih baik dalarn pemberantasan korupsi. Indeks korupsi China jauh lebih baik dibandingkan dengan Indonesia. O!eh karena itu, penelitian ini ditujukan unwk menjawab tiga pertanvaan, yakni bagairnariakah pemberantasan korupsi di China dan Indonesia?; mengapa China berhasil, sedangkan Indonesia masih mengecewakan?; dan pelajaran apa yang bisa diambii dan China rnengenai pemberantasan korupsi? Studi ini menemukan bahwa keberhasilan pemberantasan korupsi di China tidak dapat dilepaskan dan kornitmen eut politik dan hukum yang ditegakkan secara tegas di China. ini dibuktikan dan banyaknya para pelaku korupsi yang berhasil diseret ke pengadilan, bahkan dthukuni mati. Pada akhirnya, keberhasilan China dalarn memberantas korupsi mengukuhkan legitimasi pemerintahan komunis yang otoriter, Sekaligus China hahkan mampu berkembang menjadi salai-i satu kekuatan ekonomi dan perdagangan dunia terbesar.

China and Indonesia have a similiarity related to a characteristic of patrimonial bureucracy, providing a fertile soil for a rampant corruption. Therefore, corruption has been becoming a big and an acute problem for both countries since their early history long before the era of modern political history. Despite their similarity, two countries, have differences in eradicating corruption. In comparation with Indonesia, China has done better in eradicating corruption. It has shown by China’s index of corruption has been going down since a decade ago. This study is aimed to answer three questions, namely how does China and Indonesia eradicate corruption? Why does China overcome the problem of corruption better than Indonesia? Moreover, what Indonesia has done, it seems very disappointed. Then, what China’s experience can be taken by Indonesia in eradicating corruption? This study concludes that China’s successful eradication of corruption has been determined by their political elites’ commitment and their enforcement of law. China’s political elites have no doubt to sentence death or life in prison for those committed to corruption. China’s eradication of corruption is very crucial to strengthen the legimation of the authoritarian Chinese government. Their successful efforts have, in turn, become one of key factors in explaining why China has rapidly moved toward a global economy and trade power. The Chinese experience in eradicating corruption has become important lesson for Indonesia’s political elites in doing the same problem. If the Indonesian leaders failed to eradicating corruption, it means that the legitimation of the Indonesian government goes down, and in turn, the maintenance of democracy will be in danger.

Kata Kunci : Eradication of corruption,Comparative public policy,Corruption in China and Indonesia,eradication of corruption – comparative public policy – Corruption in China and Indonesia