Exploring innovative strategy for local infrastructure development through community participation :: A case study of poverty alleviation partnership grant (PAPG) in Indramayu Indonesia

SUKASA, Prof. Dr. R. Rijanta, M.Sc

2009 | Tesis | S2 MPKD

Indramayu, salah satu kabupaten di porvinsi Jawa Barat dengan jumlah penduduk 1,6 juta jiwa, terperangkap dalam situasi sulit dimana usaha untuk keluar dari masalah ini tidaklah mudah. Hal tersbut berkaitan dengan kenyataan bahwa keterbatasan infrastuktur akan menghambat investasi, dan keterbatasan investasi akan menghambat infrastruktur. Tanpa infrastruktur yang cukup maka kestabilan sosial dan pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat akan sulit berkembang (Berg, 2006). Poverty Alleviation Partnership Grant (PAPG) atau dikenal dengan PAKET (Program Penanggulangan Kemiskinan Terpadu) adalah suatu program yang menyediakan dana stimulant untuk pembangunan infrastuktur di tingkat Kelurahan/Desa yang bertujuan untuk melembagakan kemitraan sinergis antara masyarakat, pemerintah dan kelompok peduli untuk membangun infrastruktur wilayahnya dalam rangka menciptakan lingkungan permukiman yang layak huni, nyaman, produktif dan berjati-diri. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada peran Panitia Kemitraan, terdiri dari Pemerintah daerah, Masyarakat, dan kelompok peduli), yang dibentuk dalam rangka pelaksanaan program PAKET agar tercipta strategi-strategi untuk keberlanjutan pembangunan infrastruktur melalui partisipasi masyarakat. Data primer diperoleh dari kuisioner dan interview kepada Kordinator PAKEM, serta melalui pengamatan partisipatif. Adapun data sekunder diperoleh melalui desk study. Kesimpulan dari studi ini adalah kenyataan bahwa partisipasi masyarakat memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap pelaksanaan pembangunan infrastruktur di tingkat Kelurahan/Desa seperti peningkatan tanggung jawab di masyarakat, penggunaan sumberdaya lokal secara efektif, penciptaan efisiensi waktu dan anggaran, serta adanya ‘value added creation’ dimana kualitas infrastruktur yang dihasilkan lebih baik dari anggaran yang digunakan untuk pembangunannya

The study investigation is a case study of Poverty Alleviation Partnership Grant (PAPG) in Indramayu, Indonesia. The population of Indramayu is 1,6 million people, and it is one of the cities in West Java Province where Poverty Alleviation Partnership Grant (PAPG) was implemented. The study intends to explore the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) of PAPG based on PAKEM’s point of view for analyzing situation, assessing community capabilities and competences, and drawing up suitable strategies to provide lesson learned for enhancing experience for the municipality and others. The aim of the research is to draw up strategy for improvement of community participation in infrastructure development projects, and document its lessons learned for the next similar project in a similar context. This study uses exploratory which investigate strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of PAKEM’s role from preparation to implementation regarding PAPG in Indramayu. Exploratory research was used due to references limitation regarding earlier study which can be referred to. The steps taken in this study are experience survey was applied to individuals who are knowledgeable regarding the issues, preliminary review of secondary data to clarify issues at the early stage of research, a case study strategy was employed to intensively explore few phenomena dealing with PAPG in Indramayu, and a pilot study was used to describe any case by collecting primary data from general resources. Based on the SWOT analysis which is used in this study, it was found that the role of PAKEM have been optimal in PAPG regarding infrastructure development project which can play role as agent of development in the village level. The study have investigated that community participation in infrastructure development project have contributed positive outcomes such as increasing community responsibilities, using local resources effectively, reducing capital investment, creating efficiency of time and budget allocation, and creating value added creation. The strategies proposed in this regards are; (a) build common interest with local government and private sectors to create ‘best practise’ of community participation in infrastructure development through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and institutionalize them into mid-term planning of poverty alleviation program, which will be established in annual government plan; (b) involve community in ‘Musrenbang’ (annual budget meeting to determine project and its budget) which is the bridge to link people deliberation with planning and budgeting for the development; and (c) channel community program with private sectors who interested in joining the program as their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).

Kata Kunci : Partisipasi masyarakat,Panitia kemitraan,Penanggulangan kemiskinan,Strategi pembangunan infrastruktur,Indramayu, Community Participation; Poverty Alleviation; Infrastructure development;, strategies; Indramayu Municipality