Struktur mikroanatomi kelenjar bisa dan profil protein bisa ular buhu (Homalopsis buccata L.) dan ular kobra (Naja naja sputatrix L.)

TARYONO, Prof. Dr. Nyoman Puniawati S. , SU

2009 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Ular buhu familia Colubridae dan ular kobra familia Elapidae memiliki perbedaan letak dan tipe gigi bisa serta sifat ketoksikan bisa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan struktur kelenjar bisa dan profil protein bisa ular buhu dan ular kobra. Ular yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah ular buhu dewasa dan ular kobra dewasa, masing-masing sebanyak 6 ekor. Pembuatan sediaan mikroanatomi kelenjar bisa dilakukan dengan metode parafin dan pewarnaan Hematoksilin- Eosin (H&E). Sediaan mikroanatomi dianalisis secara deskriptif. Analisis profil protein bisa ular dengan metode SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate- Polyacrilamid Gell Electrophoresis) elektroforesis dengan konsentrasi gel poliakrilamid 10%. Profil protein dianalisis dengan mendeskripsikan dan membandingkan berat molekul protein bisa pada sampel dengan protein baku (Marker). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan struktur mikroanatomi kelenjar bisa ular buhu dan ular kobra berbeda dalam hal luas tubuli dan sekret dalam lumina tubuli. Pada kelenjar bisa ular buhu ditemukan struktur membelok kelenjar bisa pars anterior ke arah posterior dengan posisi sejajar kelenjar bisa pars posterior. Protein bisa ular buhu berjumlah 18 fragmen protein, 8 fragmen diantaranya diduga protein spesifik bisa ular buhu. Protein bisa ular kobra berjumlah 12 fragmen protein, 2 fragmen diantaranya diduga protein spesifik bisa ular kobra. Satu fragmen protein dengan berat molekul 134,4 kD ditemukan pada semua sampel bisa. Diduga protein tersebut khas pada bisa ular, baik ular berbisa lemah maupun kuat.

There are difference between buhu snake family Colubridae and cobra snake family Elapidae based on their teeth structure and position, also venom toxicity properties. This research was aimed to compare venom gland structure and venom protein profile of buhu and cobra snakes. Six adult buhu snakes and six adult cobra snakes were used and sacrified for this research. Venom gland microanatomy preparation was made using paraffin and Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) dying method. Microanatomy preparation was analyzed descriptively. Venom protein profile was analyzed using SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Polyacrilamid Gel Electrophoresis) method at 10% polyacrilamid gel level. Protein profile was analyzed by describing and comparing venom protein molecule weight with sample of standard protein (marker). Results indicate that microanatomy structure of buhu snake and cobra snake venom gland are different in case of tubule width and secret at tubule lumen. In venom gland of buhu snake, it was found turning structure of venom gland pars anterior to posterior with position of parallel to venom gland pars posterior. Buhu snake has 18 venom protein fragments, 8 of them are venom specific protein of buhu snake, while cobra snake has 12 venom protein fragments, with 2 specific protein of cobra venom. One of protein fragments with 134.4 kD molecule weight is found in all venom samples. It is expected that this protein is characteristic at snake venom, either in weak or strong venom snake.

Kata Kunci : Struktur kelenjar bisa,Profil protein bisa,Ular buhu,Ular kobra, venom gland structure, venom protein profile, buhu snake, cobra snake