Pengaruh pemberian pakan pengisi pada ayam broiler umur 22-28 hari terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan lemak daging
RUMIYANI, Tri, Prof. Dr. Ir. Wihandoyo, MS
2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu PeternakanPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pakan pengisi dengan bahan yang rendah nutrien dan berserat tinggi selama 7 hari dari umur 22 sampai dengan 28 hari terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan dan kadar lemak daging ayam broiler. Sebanyak 180 ekor yang terdiri dari 90 ekor jantan dan 90 ekor betina. yang masing-masing ayam dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan dan tiap ulangan terdiri dari 10 ekor ayam. Pada umur 1-21 hari semua ayam diberi pakan Starter Broiler, pada umur 22-28 hari baik jantan dan betina diberi pakan Starter Broiler (K), Dedak Jagung (DJ) dan Pollard (P) dan untuk kelompok DJ dan P ditambah mineral B-12. Pada umur 29 – 42 hari semua kelompok kembali diberi pakan SB. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah Berat badan, konsumsi pakan, konversi pakan, berat karkas, lemak perut, berat dan panjang tulang femur, lemak daging, lemak dan serat feses dan selisih biaya dan pendapatan. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi dari RAL pola splitplot (3 perlakuan pakan, 2 jenis kelamin dan 3 fase) dan akan dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT untuk uji beda antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian pemberian pakan K, DJ dan P menunjukan perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) pada berat badan (1583 g, 1289 g, 1213 g), konsumsi (1180 g, 1051 g, 1035 g), konversi pakan (1,67; 2,62; -1,89), persen lemak perut (1,80 %, 2,03%, 1,29%), panjang tulang femur (6,10 cm; 5,90 cm; 5,76 cm), berat tulang femur (6,35 g; 5,53 g; 5,30 g), serat kasar feses (10,31 %; 9,82%; 12,87%), lemak feses (1,96 %; 2,32 %; 1,63 %). Pada perlakuan J dan B terdapat perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) pada berat badan, persen lemak perut, panjang tulang femur, berat tulang femur. Pada perlakuan fase menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P<0,05) pada berat badan, konsumsi, persen karkas, berat tulang femur, panjang tulang femur, kadar lemak daging, kadar serat dan lemak feses. Interaksi perlakuan jenis kelamin dan pakan yang menunjukkan berbeda nyata (P<0,05) pada, lemak daging umur 22 hari, serat kasar feses umur 29 hari, lemak feses umur 22 hari. Pada interaksi perlakuan pakan, jenis kelamin dan fase menunjukkan perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) pada berat badan, konsumsi pakan dan kadar lemak feses. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa, pemberian pakan pengisi menurunkan berat badan, konsumsi, persen lemak perut, berat dan panjang tulang femur dan selisih biaya dan penjualan serta menaikkan konversi pakan, serat kasar dan lemak feses serta lemak daging sama.
The experiment was conducted to study the effect of stuff feeding during 7 days from 22 to 28 of ages on growth and meat fat content. Ninety broiler males and 90 broiler females were distributed in 6 treatments with 3 replications of 10 broiler chickens each. The treatment were Control (K) chicken which was fed with commercial diets from DOC to 42 days of age, DJ and P chicken was fed with corn bran (DJ) or pollard (P) from 22 to 28 days and continued commercial feed until 42 days. For DJ and P treatment was supplemented with B-12 mineral. Data collected were those of body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion, carcass weight, abdominal fat, weight and length of femur bones, fat meat, feces fat and crude fiber, and cost and sale. Those data were analyzed by analysis of split-plot (3 feed treatments, 2 sex treatments and phase) and then were tested by DMRT. The results showed that feed treatments of K, DJ and P had significantly differences (P<0.05) on body weight (1583 g, 1289 g, and 1213 g), feed consumption (1180 g, 1051 g, and 1035 g), feed conversion (1,67; 2,62; and 1,89), fat abdominal (1,80 %, 2,03%, and 1,29%), length of femur bones (6,10 cm; 5,90 cm; and 5,76 cm), weight of femur bones (6,35 g; 5,53 g; and 5,30 g), feces crude fiber (10,31 %; 9,82%; and 12,87%), feces fat on 29 days (1,96 %; 2,32 %; and 1,63 %), difference with percentage of carcass and fat meat are not significant differences. In the case of sex treatments (J and B) there were significant differences (P<0,05) on body weight, feed conversion, percentage of abdominal fat, length of femur bones, weight of femur bones. Differences with feed consumption, percentage of carcass, meat fat, feces crude fiber and fat there were no significant difference. Treatments interaction of sex and feed was showed significant differences (P<0.05) on, meat fat in 22 days, feces crude fiber in 29 days, feces fat in 22 days, and dispute of cost and sale. Treatments interaction of feed, sex and phase was showed significant differences (P<0,05) body weight, feed consumption and feces fat. It was concluded that stuff feeding could be decrease body weight, feed consumption, percentage of abdominal fat, weight and length of femur bones, and dispute of cost and income and could be increase feed conversion, feces crude fiber and fat and did not have any influence on meat fat and percentage of carcass.
Kata Kunci : Ayam broiler,Jenis kelamin,Pakan pengisi,Starter broiler,Dedak jagung,Pollard, Broiler chicken, Sex, Feed stuff, Broiler Starter, Corn bran, Pollard
