Upaya peningkatan hasil benih padi (Oryza sativa L) pada berbagai taraf genangan air dan takaran vermikompos di lahan sawah irigasi entisol

NUGROHOTOMO, Prof. Dr. Ir. Prapto Yudono, M.Sc

2009 | Tesis | S2 Agronomi

Penelitian lapangan dengan tujuan mengetahui pengaruh taraf genangan air dan takaran pupuk vermikompos terhadap kuantitas dan kualitas benih padi ( Oryza sativa L.) di lahan sawah Entisol dengan irigasi teknis telah dilakukan di sawah milik petani di hamparan dusun Kadirojo, desa Purwomartani, kecamatan Kalasan, kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, pada 10 Pebruari 2007 samapai 28 Mei 2007. Lokasi penelitian ini mempunyai jenis tanah entisol dengan curah hujan tahuan rata rata 2075 mm tahun-1, tipe iklim C3, terletak pada ketinggian 110 di atas permukaan air laut. Penelitian ini merupakan percobaan faktorial 3 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan, diatur dengan Rancangan Petak Terbagi ( Split plot Design ). Taraf genangan air pada phase vegetatif (A) sebagai perlakuan utama yang yang terdiri dari 3 aras yaitu A1 : lahan sawah diatur kadar lengasnya sedikit diatas kapasitas lapangan ( lembab) selama 6 hari dan kemudian dikuti genangan 1-3 cm selama 3 hari, A2 : lahan sawah diatur kadar lengasnya sedikit diatas kapasitas lapangan ( lembab) selama 12 hari dan kemudian dikuti genangan 1-3 cm selama 3 hari dan A3 : genanagan terus menerus. Takaran pupuk vermikompos (T) sebagai anak perlakuan yang terdiri dari 3 aras yaitu : T1 = 1 ton ha -1, T2 = 2 ton ha -1 dan T3 = 4 ton ha -1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan A2 : lahan sawah diatur kadar lengasnya sedikit diatas kapasitas lapangan ( lembab) selama 12 hari dan kemudian dikuti genangan 1-3 cm selama 3 hari dapat memberikan hasil benih kering simpan tertinggi (6,97 ton ha -1) diantara perlakuan taraf genangan air, sedangkan pada pada perlakuan takaran pupuk vermikompos T2 = 2 ton ha -1 dan T3 = 4 ton ha -1 adalah 6,75 dan 7,12 ton ha-1 diantara 3 aras takaran pupuk vermikompos. Perlakuan taraf genangan air dan takaran pupuk vermikompos tidak berpengaruh terhadap kualias benih. Tidak ada interaksi antara perlakuan taraf genangan air denga takaran pupuk vermikompos.

The field research having purpose to study the effect of submerged level and vermicompost dosage to quantity and quality of paddy seeds (Oryza sativa L) yield at the irrigated Entice rice field was done from February 10th, 2007 until May 28th, 2007 at the Kadirojo farmer’s rice field Purwomartani village, Kalasan District, Sleman Region, Yogyakarta Special Territory. The location of experiment has entisol soil type rainfall mean 2075 millimeters a year in Oldeman C3 climate of classification, at an elevation of 110 meters above sea level. The research was 3 x 3 factorial experiment regulated by three replication of Split Plot Design. The level of submerged rice soil in vegetative phase (A) is main factor consisted of three level treatments, that is A1 = 6 days is damp + 3 days submerged condition, A2=12 days is damp + 3 days submerged condition and A3 = absolutely submerged condition in vegetative phase. The dosage of vermicompost as the sub factors consisted of three level of treatments (T) that is T1 = 1 ton, T2 = 2 tons, and T3 = 4 tons hectare-1 The result of the experiment showed that among submerged rice soil vegetative phase treatments, A2 treatment provided the highest paddy seeds yield (6,97 tons hectares-1 α = 5% ) and among the dosage of vermicompost treatment T2 = 2 tons and T3 = 4 ton tons hectares-1 had significant influence to obtained the highest paddy seeds yield (6,75 and 7,12 tons hectares-1 α = 5% ). Submerged level treatment and vermicompost dosage had no effect on quality of paddy seed. There was no interaction treatment between submerged level rice soil vegetative phase and the dosage of vermicompost.

Kata Kunci : Padi sawah,Genangan air,Vermikompos, paddy, submerged rice soil, vermicompost