Promosi kesehatan mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun melalui metode ceramah, demonstrasi dan latihan dibandingkan dengan media leaflet pada siswa sekolah dasar di Kota Jambi

KHAIRANI, Wittin, dr. Titi Savitri, MA, M.Med, Ph.D

2009 | Tesis | S2 Magister Perilaku Promosi Kesehatan

Latar Belakang : Mengingat adanya peningkatan kasus diare pada siswa sekolah dasar di Kota Jambi, sebesar 89,9%, maka peneliti tertarik untuk meneliti promosi kesehatan melalui metode ceramah, demonstrasi dan latihan dibandingkan dengan media leaflet, sebagai suatu alternatif pilihan metode promosi kesehatan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan kecenderungan perilaku (intensi) mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan metode promosi kesehatan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan kecenderungan perilaku (intensi) mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun bagi siswa sekolah dasar di Kota Jambi. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen semu (quasi-experimental) dengan rancangan non-equivalent control group design with pre-test and posttest. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa sekolah dasar di Kota Jambi, ditentukan dengan teknik purposive. Data meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan paired t-test dan independent t-test. Hasil Penelitian : Berdasarkan hasil uji t-test menunjukkan ada pengaruh peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap siswa sekolah dasar setelah diberikan promosi kesehatan melalui metode ceramah, demonstrasi dan latihan, p = 0,000 (p < 0,05). Hasil uji independent t-test menunjukkan (p < 0,05) pengetahuan, p = 0,000, sikap, p = 0,004 dan kecenderungan perilaku (intensi), p = 0,010. Ada perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap dan kecenderungan perilaku (intensi) antara kelompok ceramah, demonstrasi dan latihan dibandingkan dengan kelompok media leaflet. Kesimpulan : Promosi kesehatan mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun melalui metode ceramah, demonstrasi dan latihan lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan metode media leaflet

Background: Considering the improvement of diarrhea case in the primary school student in Jambi municipality with the rate of 89,9%, hence the researcher interested to examine the health promotion through speech, demonstration and training compared to leaflet media as an alternative selection of effective health promotion method that was aimed to improve knowledge, attitude and behavior intention in washing hand with soap. Objective: This research was aimed to find out the effective health promotion that was intended to improve knowledge, attitude and behavior intention in washing hand by using soap for primary school student in Jambi City. Method: This was a quasi experimental research that used non-equivalent control group design with pre-test and posttest design. The research subject was primary school student in Jambi municipality that was determined with purposive technique. The data was consisted of primary and secondary data. In addition, data analysis was conducted by using paired t-test and independent t-test. Result: The result of t-test showed that there was an influence on the improvement of knowledge and attitude of primary school student after given health promotion through speech, demonstration and training method with p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). The result of independent t-test showed that (p < 0.05), knowledge p = 0.000, attitude with p = 0.004 and intention behavior with p = 0,010. There was a difference in the level of knowledge, attitude and behavior intention between group of speech, demonstration and training compared to leaflet media. Conclusion: Health promotion in washing hand with soap through method of speech, demonstration and training was more effective than leaflet media method.

Kata Kunci : promosi kesehatan,mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun,media leaflet,siswa sekolah dasarhealth promotion,washing hand with soap,leaflet media and primary school student