Pengaruh perbaikan agroforestri tradisional terhadap produksi tanaman, nilai kesetaraan lahan dan kesuburan tanah :: Studi kasus di Desa Bijaepunu, Kecamatan Mollo Utara, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan

RACHMAWATI, Ida, Prof. Dr. Ir. Moch. Sambas Sn, MSc

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Land degradation has been identified as one of major problem cause decreasing on productivity of plant, productivity of soil, and family income in Nusa Tenggara Timur. One of promising way to minimize degraded land is traditional agroforestry practices. However, there are very view information has been reported to know the effect of traditional agroforestry practiced by various intercropping system on yield of crop, soil fertility and family income at such certain environmental conditions such as at Bijaepunu village, sub district of Mollo Utara, district of Timor Tengah Selatan, Province of Nusa Tenggara Timur. The research conducted to know the effect of traditional agroforestry system which was practiced by various type of intercropping systems as treatments. The treatments were monoculture of maize (P1), monoculture of groundnuts (P2), row intercropping of maize and groundnuts (P3), strip intercropping of maize and groundnuts (P4) and mix intercropping practiced by farmer. The research was designed on Completed Block Design with 3 replications. Main aims of the research are to know the effect of traditional agroforestry system with various cropping system on food crop yield, soil fertility, and farmer income. The research showed that growth and yield of peanut and maize of different type of intercropping practiced of agroforestry system was not significantly different. This result showed that intercropping practiced might take more advantages compare to both of crops grown as pure stands. Gmelina did not affect significantly to growth and yield of food crops which were grown under gmelina. Average yield of food crops (peanut and maize) are 555.95 - 567.03 kg/ha and 1137.90 - 1115.57 kg/ha, respectively. The research showed that Agroforestry system combined by strip intercropping and row intercropping of maize and peanut were more productive than their monoculture as indicated by Land Equivalent Ratio of Gmelina+ strip cropping of maize and peanut and Gmelina+ row cropping of maize and peanut were 2.68-2.75 and 2.32-2.79 respectively. The research showed that soil fertility tended to improve which was indicated by improvement of bulk density, soil porosity, ability of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, and C organic content. Nitrogen content of land which practiced by peanut on monoculture, row intercropping, and strip intercropping was significantly higher than land practiced by monoculture of maize. This was mainly due to the peanuts might contribute nitrogen to soil by its fixation process.

Kata Kunci : Agroforestry,Monoculture,Row intercropping,Strip intercropping,Mix intercropping,Bulk density,Nitrogen,Phosporus,Potassium