Evaluasi lahan untuk pengembangan hutan rakyat di sub DAS Dondong, DAS Opak Kabupaten Gunung Kidul

ELBAKTI, Dr. H. Senawi, MP

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Penelitian dilaksanakan di Sub DAS Dondong, DAS Opak Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, tujuannya untuk mengetahui: 1). Kelas kemampuan lahan, 2). Kelas kesesuaian lahan tanaman: jati (Tectona grandis Lin.), kayu putih (Melaleuca cajuputi Pow.), mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla Jacq.), akasia (Acacia auriculiformis Cun.) dan sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria Niel), mangga (Mangifera indica Lin) jagung (Zea mays Lin.), kacang tanah (Arachis hypogea Lin.), padi gogo (Oryza sativa Lin.), kedelai (Glycine max Merr) 3). Arahan jenis dan pola tanam hutan rakyat. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dengan satuan la han sebagai satuan analisis. Satuan lahan merupakan hasil tumpang susun peta bentuk lahan, peta lereng permukaan dan peta penggunaan lahan, alat yang digunakan adalah Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG), pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan dengan metode stratified random sampling. Evaluasi lahan menggunakan metode matching dengan mengacu pada kerangka kerja FAO (1976). Analisis kemampuan lahan didasarkan pada kriteria klasifikasi kemampuan lahan menurut Arsyad (2006), kesesuaian lahan berdasarkan kriteria kesesuaian lahan menurut PPTA (1993). Arahan jenis dan pola tanam hutan rakyat hasil evaluasi kemampuan lahan, evaluasi kesesuaian lahan dan penggunaan lahan saat ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa di Sub DAS Dondong terdapat 4 kelas kemampuan lahan yaitu: Kelas III seluas 702,586 ha (39,98%), Kelas IV seluas 144,529 ha (8,17%), kelas VI seluas 838,515 ha (47,72%) dan Kelas VII seluas 72,732 ha (4,14%). Hasil analisis kesesuaian lahan menunjukan satuan-satuan lahan di Sub DAS Dondong cukup sesuai untuk jenis aksia,sengon, kayu putih, padi gogo, kedelai, kacang tanah dan sesuai marginal untuk jenis tanaman jati, akasia, mahoni, kayu putih, sengon, mangga, padi gogo, kedelai, jagung dan kacang tanah. Pola tanam hutan rakyat yang dapat dikembangkan di Sub DAS Dondong adalah pola tanam hutan rakyat sistem agroforestri pada satuan lahan seluas 400,098 ha (21,91%) dan pola tanam hutan rakyat campuran pada satuan lahan seluas 1.285,535 ha (71,79%).

The study was conducted in Dondong and Opak Sub-Catchment Areas in Gunung Kidul District and it aims to find out 1).Class of land capability, 2). Class of land suitability for the following plants: teak (Tectona grandis Lin.), cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi Pow.), mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla Jacq.), acacia (Acacia auriculiformis Cun.), albazia (Paraserianthes falcataria Niel), mango (Mangifera indica Lin) corn (Zea mays Lin.), peanut (Arachis hypogea Lin.), gogo rice plant (Oryza sativa Lin.), and soybean (Glycine max Merr) 3). Recommended kind of plants and planting pattern of community forest. The research was conducted by using survey method with land unit as the analysis unit. Land unit is the result of overlay of landform map, surface slope map and land use map using Geographical Information System (GIS) in which sample of soil was taken using stratified random sampling. Evaluation of land suitability was done by using matching method in reference to the framework of FAO (1976). Analysis of land capability was based on criteria of land capability classification formulated by Arsyad (2006), and land suitability was based on criteria of land suitability by PPTA (1993). The recommended kind of plants and planting pattern of community forest are derived from evaluation of land capacity, land suitability and current land use. The research findings indicate that there are 4 classes of land capacity in Dondong Sub-Catchment Area namely: Class III which occupies 702.586 ha (39.98%), Class IV which occupies 144.529 ha (8.17%), Class VI which occupies 838.15 ha (47.72%) and Class VII which occupies 72.732 ha (4.14%). The analysis of land suitability suggests that land units in Dondong Sub-Catchment Area fit moderate suitability for acacia, albazia, cajuput, gogo rice plant, mango, peanut, and fit marginal suitability for teak, acacia, mahogany, cajuput, albazia, mago, gogo rice plant, soybean, corn and peanut. The planting pattern of community forest to develop in Dondong Sub-Catchment Area is agro- forestry system in 400.098 ha land unit (21.91%) and planting pattern for mixed community forest in 1,285.535 ha land unit (71.79%).

Kata Kunci : Evaluasi lahan,SIG,Satuan lahan,Arahan jenis,Hutan rakyat,land evaluation,GIS, land unit,recommended kind of plants,community forest