Analisis komponen asap cair hasil pirolisis lambat dan cepat jerami padi (Oryza Sativa L)

SETYADI, Kukuh, Dr. Agus Kuncaka, DEA

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kimia

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai analisis komponen-komponen asap cair hasil pirolisis lambat dan pirolisis cepat jerami padi. Komponen-komponen logam asap cair ditentukan dengan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), sedangkan komponen senyawa organik dalam asap cair dianalisis dengan Gas Chromatography (GC) menggunakan kolom HP 5,5% fenil metil siloksan. Dalam penelitian ini juga ditentukan kesetimbangan massa dan energi dalam proses pirolisis. Proses pirolisis berlangsung pada suhu maksimal reaktor pirolisis yaitu 350 °C. Hasil analisis AAS menunjukan bahwa kandungan tertinggi logam terdapat pada asap cair hasil pirolisis cepat. Hasil analisis GC ekstrak fraksi nheksana asap cair pirolisis lambat mengandung senyawa organik yang mempunyai waktu retensi <10 menit, sedangkan hasil pirolisis cepat mengandung senyawa organik yang mempunyai waktu retensi >10 menit. Berdasarkan perhitungan kesetimbangan massa dan energi diperoleh efisiensi reaktor pirolisis lambat sebesar 62,36%.

Analysis of liquid smoke produced by fast and slow pyrolysis of rice straw (oryza sativa l) was carried out. Metal content was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS), while organic contents were determined by gas chromatography (GC) using HP coloumn containing 5.5% phenyl methyl siloxane. In this research the mass and energy balance of the pyrolysis were calculated as well. Pyrolysis process was performed at temperature of pyrolysis reactor 350 °C. The AAS analysis result showed that the highest metal content was found in the liquid smoke produced by fast pyrolysis. The result of GC showed that the nhexane extract of liquid smoke produced by slow pyrolysis contained organic compound with retention time lower than 10 minutes, while the n-hexane extract liquid smoke was produced by fast pyrolysis contained organic compound with retention time higher than 10 minutes. Based on the calculation of mass and energy balances, it was found that the efficiency of slow pyrolysis was 62.36%.

Kata Kunci : Pirolisis,Jerami padi,Asap cair, pyrolysis, rice straw, liquid smoke