Analisa perencanaan dan pengendalian persediaan obat pada instalasi farmasi RSUD Syamrabu Kabupaten Bangkalan

KHOTIMAH, Husnul, Prof. Dr. Lukman Hakim, M.Sc., Apt

2009 | Tesis | S2 Magister Manajemen Farmasi

Pelayanan farmasi yang bermutu dapat dicapai dengan perencanaan dan pengendalian obat secara efisien dan efektif sehingga ketersediaan obat dapat dilakukan secara tepat dan cepat yang akan meningkatkan efisiensi persediaan obat dan menurunkan biaya belanja obat serta mengurangi kekosongan obat pada saat pelayanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menurunkan Nilai Persediaan, meningkatkan Harga Pokok Penjualan, ITOR dan Tingkat Layanan Resep dengan menggunakan metode EOQ dan ROP disertai metode forecasting terpilih pada obat kelompok A dan / atau Vital. Analisa dilakukan pada obat kelompok A dan / atau Vital sebanyak 53 item obat. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara berurutan waktu, yaitu sebelum intervensi, selama intervensi dan sesudah intervensi. Penentuan metode forecasting terpilih untuk obat A dan atau Vital berdasarkan nilai MAD dan MSE terkecil dari setiap metode forecasting yang dilakukan (moving average, exponential smoothing, trend projection, time series decomposition). Selanjutnya dilakukan analisa EOQ dan ROP pada proses pengadaan untuk menentukan jumlah obat dan waktu pemesanan kembali. Kemudian dilakukan pengukuran terhadap empat indikator kinerja pengadaan yaitu nilai Persediaan, harga pokok Penjualan, Inventory Turn Over Ratio (ITOR), Tingkat Layanan Resep, Laba dan efisiensi anggaran belanja obat. Hasil pengukuran antara sebelum, selama dan sesudah intervensi dianalisis dengan menggunakan Paired Sample T-Test. Hasil analisa dengan menggunakan metode EOQ dan ROP yang disertai metode forecasting terpilih adalah (1) penurunan nilai persediaan sebesar 24,40% (Rp 55.246.660,83 menjadi Rp 44.411.118,13), (2) peningkatan harga pokok penjualan sebesar 38,34% (Rp 46.321.587,18 menjadi Rp 75.127.163,10), (3) peningkatan nilai ITOR sebesar 50,89% ( 0,83 kali menjadi 1,69 kali) serta (4) tingkat layanan resep meningkat sebesar 5,79% ( 90,79% menjadi 96,37%), (5) penurunan frekuensi stockout obat sebesar 76,32% (dari 67 kali menjadi 38 kali) (6) penurunan anggaran belanja obat sebesar 125,41% (dari Rp 475.000.000 menjadi Rp 210.723.617,90) dan (7) peningkatan laba sebesar 44,17% ( Rp 21.107.371,80 menjadi Rp 37.804.258,52). Maka dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode EOQ dan ROP yang disertai metode forecasting terpilih lebih baik dibandingkan dengan metode perpetual purchasing dan konsumsi yang selama ini dilaksanakan oleh instalasi farmasi RSUD Syamrabu dalam perencanaan dan pengendalian persediaan obat kelompok A dan / atau Vital.

The good pharmaceutical services can be achieved with the efficiency and effectiveness of drug control, that will make the drug supply can be done accurately and fast and also can resulting in the increase of drug supply efficiency and reducing the drug expense budget as well as reducing the drug vacuity in the time of service. Inventory Value, Base Selling Price, ITOR and Precription Services Level using the EOQ and ROP methods followed by forecasting method has been choosen on the A group and/or Vital drugs. The analysis was done on the A group and/or Vital drugs as much as 53 kind of drugs. This research was done in time series chronologically, that before the intervension, during the intervension and after the intervension. Forecasting method determine the group A and or Vital drug based on the smallest MAD and MSE value from every forecasting method that has been done (moving average, exponential smoothing, trend projection, time series decomposition). Next is to held the EOQ and ROP analysis to the procurement process to determine the drug amount and the return ordering time. Afterwards is to held measurment for the four indicators of performance that are, Inventory Value, Base Selling Price, Inventory Turn Over Ratio (ITOR), the Prescription Services Level, Profit, The frequency of stockout, Profit and drug expenditure efficiency. The result of the measurement between before, during and after the intervension is analize with Paired Sample T-Test. The analysis result using EOQ and ROP method which followed with the selected forecasting method are (1) the reduction in Inventory Value by 24,40% (Rp 55.246.660,83 become Rp 44.411.118,13), (2) increase in Base Selling Price by 38,34% ( a Rp 46.321.587,18 become Rp 75.127.163,10), (3) increasing the ITOR value by 50,89% (0,83 times become 1,69 times) also (4) the Prescription Services Level increased 5,79% (90,79% become 96,37%), (5) the reduction in stockout frequency by 76,32% ( 67 times become 38 times), (6) decreasing in drug expenditure by 125,41% (a Rp 475.000.000 become Rp 210.723.617,90) dan (7) The profit increased 44,17% ( a Rp 21.107.371,80 become Rp 37.804.258,52)..Thus it can be concluded that the implementation of EOQ and ROP methods which is followed by the selected forecasting method are better than perpetual purchasing dan consumption method have done to be implemented by the pharmacy instalation of RSUD Syamrabu in the supply planning and controlling of group A and/or Vital drugs.

Kata Kunci : Analisa ABC dan VEN,Metode EOQ dan ROP,Forecasting,Metode forecasting,ABC and VEN analysisi, EOQ and ROP method, forecasting, forecasting method.