Analisis komparatif kondisi sosial ekonomi transmigran Jati Bali dengan transmigran Abenggi di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara

ARIONO, Prof. Dr. Hadi Sabari Yunus, M.A., Drs

2009 | Tesis | S2 Geografi

Penelitian ini mengambil lokasi di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan Propinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Pengambilan sampel lokasi penelitian terdiri dari lokasi transmigrasi Jati Bali Kecamatan Ranometo dan lokasi transmigrasi Abenggi Kecamatan Landono. Desa Jati Bali ditempati warga transmigran yang berasal dari Bali, sedangkan Desa Abenggi berasal dari Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengkaji kondisi sosial ekonomi transmigran Jati Bali dan Abenggi; (2) mengkaji faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap perbedaan kondisi sosial ekonomi transmigran Jati Bali dan Abenggi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan melalui survei lapangan dengan pengambilan data secara sampling serta analisis data sekunder. Penentuan sampel dilakukan secara simple random sampling. Jumlah sampel keseluruhan sebanyak 200 sampel, pada setiap desa diwakili 100 rumah tangga transmigran. Analisa dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan tabel frekuensi dan tabel silang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi sosial ekonomi di lokasi penelitian berbeda. Organisasi kemasyarakatan, integrasi dan kontak sosial berjalan sesuai dengan kondisi budaya masing-masing. Kecenderungan tingkat pendidikan kepala keluarga transmigran Jati Bali dengan tingkat pendidikan menengah dan tinggi (88 persen) lebih baik daripada transmigran Abenggi (26 persen). Pendapatan rumah tangga transmigran Jati Bali berada kisaran satu sampai dua juta rupiah perbulan 47 persen, transmigran Abenggi (53 persen) hanya berpendapatan dibawah satu juta. Kualitas rumah transmigran Jati Bali 53 persen dalam kategori baik, transmigran Abenggi hanya 13 persennya. Transmigran Jati Bali 70 persen memiliki harta lebih dari empat juta rupiah, transmigran Abenggi 52 persen hanya memiliki harta kurang dari dua juta rupiah. Transmigran Jati Bali 38 persen mengalami perluasan lahan, Abenggi mengalami pengurangan lahan menjadi kurang dari satu hektar (31 persen). Transmigran Jati Bali (81 persen) bermata pencaharian di sektor perdagangan dan jasa, transmigran Abenggi 59 persen bermata pencaharian di sektor pertanian.

This study took place in Konawe Selatan Regency, Sulawesi Tenggara Province. The samples were taken in the transmigration sites of Jati Bali in Ranometo sub-district and Abenggi in Landono sub-district. In fact, Jati Bali village is dwelled by people from Bali while Abenggi village is dwelled by people from west Java. This study aimed at analyzing socio-economic condition of transmigrants in Jati Bali and Abenggi and analyzing factors that played important roles in the difference of socio-economic condition of transmigrants in Jati Bali and Abenggi. The study employed field surveys by taking data using sampling and secondary data analysis. Samples were 100 respondents taken from both villages with 100 households for each village selected through simple random sampling. Data were analyzed qualitatively using frequency table and cross section table. The results showed that socio-economic condition in two sites was different. Social organization, integration and social contact were in accordance with each culture of each village. The trend of the secondary and higher education of the family heads was better in Jati Bali (88%) than in Abenggi (26%). Family income of family in Jati Bali which was around one to two millions per month (47%) was better than that in Abenggi which was under one million per month (53%). The house quality of transmigrants in Jati Bali (53%) was better that in Abenggi (13%). Transmigrants in Jati Bali possessed property worth of more than four millions rupiahs (70%) while 52% of transmigrants in Abenggi only possessed less than two millions rupiahs. Thirty eight percent of transmigrants in Jati Bali had a field extension while 31% of transmigrants in Abenggi had a field reduction to become less than one hectare. Transmigrants in Jati Bali worked in the sectors of trading and service (81%) while 59% of transmigrants in Abenggi worked in the sector of agriculture.

Kata Kunci : Sosial,Ekonomi,Transmigrasi,Daerah Asal,social, economy, transmigrant, region of origin