Peran dan motivasi bidan dalam pengelolaan desa siaga di Kecamatan Bandongan Kabupaten Magelang
KRISWOYO, Pramono Giri, Dra. Retna Siwi Padmawati, MA
2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan MasyarakatLatar belakang : Target Milenium Development Goals (MDG) tahun 2015, angka kematian ibu (AKI) adalah 125/100.000 kelahiran hidup, AKB 25/1.000 kelahiran hidup. Untuk mencapai MDG pemerintah mencanangkan program desa siaga pada tahun 2006, bidan menjadi penopang pelayanan di lini terdepan. Kabupaten Magelang merupakan salah satu pelopor pengembangan desa siaga. Dari 14 desa di Kecamatan Bandongan, 9 desa ditetapkan menjadi desa siaga yang dicanangkan 30 Nopember 2006. Sampai akhir tahun 2008 baru dua desa dinyatakan berhasil mencapai strata 3 yaitu Desa Trasan dan Kedungsari. Peran bidan sangat penting dalam pengembangan desa siaga maupun di Poskesdes. Oleh karena itu motivasi bidan akan juga berperan bagi berhasil atau tidaknya desa siaga. Tujuan penelitian : Mengkaji peran dan motivasi bidan dalam pengembangan desa siaga di Kecamatan Bandongan Kabupaten Magelang. Metode penelitian : Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus. Penelitian dilakukan di 2 desa yang telah berhasil mengembangkan desa siaga. Jumlah subjek 23 orang, yaitu bidan pengelola desa siaga, kader, kepala desa, penanggung jawab desa siaga Puskesmas dan Dinas Kesehatan, dengan cara wawancara mendalam dan diskusi kelompok terarah. Hasil penelitian : Motivasi bidan dalam mengembangkan desa siaga, didasari oleh kepuasan diri dan bentuk promosi bagi bidan. Pemahaman terhadap peran dan komptensinya, didasari bekal ilmu, ketrampilan dan pengalaman yang dimiliki untuk dapat diimplementasikan dalam pengembangan desa siaga. Persepsi terhadap reward dalam pengembangan desa siaga, lebih bersifat non matrial yaitu penghargaan pengakuan dari masyarakat atas hasil yang dikerjakan. Persepsi terhadap pembinaan dan pengarahan, dipersepsikan bentuk koordinasi dan komunikasi yang sangat efektif. Persepsi terhadap peran dan fungsinya, perlu adanya perlindungan hukum yang jelas, sehubungan dengan pelayanan kesehatan dan pengobatan yang diberikan, selain pemberdayaan masyarakat. Kesimpulan : Perkembangan desa siaga tidak lepas dari peran aktif dan motivasi bidan dengan bekal kompetensi yang dimiliki, walaupun dukungan masyarakat menjadi penentu keberhasilan jalannya desa siaga. Sangat diharapkan peran stakeholder dalam pembinaan dan pengarahan serta pendanaan.
Background: Target of Milenium Development Goals (MDG) in the year of 2015 has mentioned that the maternal mortality rate is 125/100.000 per life birth, and AKB was 25/1.000 life birth In order to achieve the target, in the year of 2006 the government has launched Desa Siaga program. Midwife becomes a supporter for service in the front liner. Magelang district becomes one of the pioneers in the development of desa siaga. There were 9 villages out of 14 villages in the sub district of Bandongan which have applied desa siaga program and have been launched since 30th of November 2006. Two Villages were considered as successfull in achieving level 3, that were Trasan and Kedungsari villages. The role and active participation of midwives was very obvious in the development of desa siaga or in the management of poskesdes. Objective: This research was aimed to examine the role and motivation of midwives who have been successful in developing Desa Siaga in the sub district of Bandongan, and midwive’s understanding toward the role in Desa Siaga program. Method: This was a descriptive qualitative research that used case study design. The research was conducted in 2 villages which was succeessful in developing Desa Siaga, and the number of the subject was 23 people that consisted of midwife who organized desa siaga, cadre, head of village, in charged person of Desa Siaga of Primary Health Care and Health Office as well as focus group discussion and indept intervie. Result: Midwive’s motivation in developing Desa Siaga was based on their self satisfaction and the form of promotion, understanding toward their role and competency that based on knowledge, skill and experience in order to implement the development of desa siaga, non material perception toward reward in the development of desa siaga that was appreciation toward public’s acknowledgement for what have been done, perception toward guidance and direction, which was perceived in the form of effective coordination and communication. Perception toward role and function which need a clear law protection in relationship with health service and treatment given besides community’s empowerment. Conclusion: The development of Desa Siaga was inseparable from the active role of midwife with their competency, and community’s support became determining factor for the successfulness of Desa Siaga program. Indeed, stakeholder’s role in the guidance and direction as well as funding is necessary.
Kata Kunci : Bidan,Desa siaga,Peran,Motivasi,Kompetensi,Midwife, Desa Siaga, Role, Motivation, Competency
