Evaluasi program pencegahan HIV-AIDS di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (Lapas) Klas I Makasar Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan

ALWI, M. Akbar, dr. Siswanto Agus Wilopo, SU, M.Sc, ScD

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Angka infeksi HIV/AIDS pada populasi penjara cenderung lebih tinggi daripada populasi di luar penjara sebab adanya perilaku berisiko yang terjadi di penjara. Serosurvailans di Lapas Kelas I Makassar menunjukkan tahun 2004 dan 2005 terdapat masing-masing 23 dan 35 kasus HIV pada narapidana. Program pencegahan HIV/AIDS di Lapas tersebut telah dilaksanakan, namun jumlah kasus HIV pada narapidana cenderung meningkat. Tujuan: Diketahuinya pelaksanaan program pencegahan HIV/AIDS di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (Lapas) Kelas I Makassar. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi atau studi evaluasi dengan rancangan studi kasus, menggunakan pendekatan kuanitatif dan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah unsur LSM dan Lapas, KPA propinsi, Dinas Kesehatan dan DPRD. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian: Program pencegahan HIV/AIDS di Lapas Kelas I Makassar yaitu Komunikasi, Informasi dan Edukasi (KIE), Konseling dan tes sukarela, distribusi kondom dan bleaching. Pelaksanaan program dilakukan oleh Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM) dengan bantuan dana dari donatur. Evaluasi kegiatan hanya dilakukan secara lisan oleh pihak Lapas dan Kantor wilayah (Kanwil) Hukum dan HAM. Kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan program yaitu proaktif pegawai Lapas masih kurang dan komitmen Kepala Lapas masih rendah. Kesimpulan: Tenaga pelaksana program HIV/AIDS belum memadai sehingga masih tergantung pada LSM. Selain itu, dana pelaksanaan program masih tergantung pada donatur. Pelaksanaan program belum baik sebab program HIV/AIDS tidak dimasukkan pada salah satu divisi dalam struktur organisasi Lapas dan belum ada protap program. Kekurangan pelaksanaan program yaitu tidak melibatkan KPA untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap program dan manajemen dokumentasi laporan tidak berjalan secara maksimal.

Background: Rate of HIV/AIDS infection in prison population tends to be higher than that outside prisons due to the risky behavior done by inmates. Serosurveilance in the Prison Class 1 of Makassar in 2004-2005 showed that there were 23 and 35 cases of HIV among inmates, respectively. The prevention program of HIV/AIDS in the mentioned prison has been executed, however the number of HIV cases among the inmates tends to be increasing. Objective: The identified execution of prevention program of HIV/AIDS in the Prison Class 1 of Makassar. Method: This was an evaluative study with a case-study design using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Subjects were NGOs and the Prison Class 1 of Makassar, provincial AIDS Eradication Commission, Health Office and DPRD (Local House of Representative). Data were collected using questionnaire and interview. Results: The prevention program of HIV/AIDS in the Prison Class 1 of Makassar was Education, Information and Communication (EIC), Voluntary Counseling and Testing for HIV (VCT), condom distribution and bleaching. The execution of the program was carried out by NGO supported by donor funds. Activity evaluation was merely done orally by the officers of the prison and Office of Law and Human Rights. In addition, the obstacles faced in the execution of the program were the less proactive of prison’s officers and the low commitment of head of prison. Conclusion: There was a lack of the number of officers in the execution of HIV/AIDS program so that the program execution and the fund were still dependent on the help of NGOs and donors. Since the HIV/AIDS program was not included in one of divisions in prison organizational structure and there was not standard procedure of the program, the program execution was considered unsuccessful. The weaknesses of the program execution were that it did not involve provincial AIDS Eradication Commission in evaluating the program and the management of report documentation was not done maximally.

Kata Kunci : Evaluasi,Program pencegahan HIV,AIDS,Lapas, Evaluation, Prevention Program of HIV/AIDS, Prison