Perilaku ibu ber-KB postpartum hubungannya dengan persepsi kesuburan setelah melahirkan di Kabupaten Purworejo

WAHYUNIATI, dr. Siswanto Agus Wilopo, SU, M.Sc, ScD

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang Masalah: Menstruasi banyak digunakan sebagai tanda untuk memulai pemakaian kontrasepsi, padahal ovulasi sangat mungkin terjadi mendahului menstruasi. Pemakaian kontrasepsi secepat mungkin juga kurang tepat karena membuat potensi efek jarak kontrasepsi terbuang disebabkan overlap dengan amenore. Persepsi kesuburan setelah melahirkan dapat menjadi dasar dalam menentukan perilaku ibu ber-KB postpartum. Tujuan Penelitian: Diketahuinya perilaku ibu ber-KB postpartum berdasarkan persepsi kesuburan setelah melahirkan di Kabupaten Purworejo. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasi dengan rancangan studi cross sectional dan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh ibu postpartum di Kabupaten Purworejo. Subjek penelitian adalah 100 ibu postpartum dengan jarak maksimal 1 tahun setelah melahirkan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara acak sederhana dari data posyandu pada kecamatan terpilih. Analisis dilakukan dengan analisis univariabel, analisis bivariabel denga chi-square, dan analisis multivariabel dengan regresi logistik. Hasil: Analisis bivariabel menunjukkan bahwa persepsi kesuburan setelah melahirkan secara statistik tidak bermakna terhadap perilaku ibu ber-KB postpartum (CI 95%=0,68-3,91; RP=1.6). Pada analisis multivariabel persepsi kesuburan setelah melahirkan tidak bermakna secara statistik terhadap perilaku ibu ber-KB postpartum setelah mempertimbangkan variabel status ekonomi dan dukungan suami (CI 95%=0,92-4,81; RP=2,1). Faktor luar yang berpengaruh terhadap perilaku ibu ber-KB postpartum adalah status ekonomi (CI 95%=1,33-12,05; RP=4) dan dukungan suami (CI 95%=1,24-4,06; RP=2,2). Kesimpulan: Persepsi kesuburan setelah melahirkan tidak bermakna terhadap perilaku ibu ber-KB postpartum secara statistik, namun bermakna secara praktis.

Background: Ovulation may preceed the menstruation even though many women decide to use contraceptives after menstruation occurs. Meanwhile, the use of contraceptives immediately after birth makes the effect of the contraceptives become wasted because it overlaps with ammenorhea. Postpartum contraceptive use must be based on perception of fertility after birth. Objective: To identify postpartum women’s behavior toward contraceptive use based on the perception of fertility after birth in Purworejo District. Method: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional study design and a quantitative approach. Samples were 100 postpartum women who were taken with simple randomized sampling from Posyandu in selected sub districts. Data were analyzed using univariable analysis, bivariable analysis with chi-square, and multivariable analysis with binomial regression. Results: Bivariable analysis showed that the perception of fertility after birth did not have a significant relationship with the postpartum women’s behavior toward contraceptive use (CI 95%=0,68-3,91; RP=1.6). Variables that had a significant relationship with the postpartum women’s behavior toward contraceptive use were economic status (CI 95%=1,33-12,05; RP=4) and husband’s support (CI 95%=1,24-4,06; RP=2,2). Meanwhile, multivariable analysis showed that the perception of fertility after birth was insignificant with the postpartum women’s behavior toward contraceptive use after variables of economic status and husband’s support were controlled (CI 95%=0,92-4,81; RP=2,1). Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between perception of fertility after birth and the postpartum women’s behavior toward contraceptive use statistically, but there was practically.

Kata Kunci : Perilaku, Kontrasepsi postpartum, Postpartum, Persepsi kesuburan, Behavior, postpartum contraceptives, postpartum, perception of fertility.