Kepemimpinan, motivasi keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3), komitmen manajemen serta keterlibatan tenaga kerja dengan pelaksanaan manajemen K3 rumah sakit (K3RS) :: Tinjauan persepsi tenaga kerja di Rumah Sakit Umum Nurdin Hamzah Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur

SIAGIAN, Harris, Drs. Hadi Sutarmanto, MS

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Kerja

Latar belakang: Hasil survey nasional di 2.600 rumah sakit di USA rata-rata 68 tenaga kerja mengalami cedera disebabkan kecelakaan akibat kerja dan 6 orang menderita sakit pada tiap rumah sakit. Laporan lain menunjukkan bahwa terjadinya kecelakaan di RS 41% lebih besar dari pekerja di industri lain. Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Rumah Sakit (K3 RS) bertujuan untuk melindungi tenaga kerja RS dari risiko penyakit dan kecelakaan akibat kerja serta dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dan citra RS, baik dimata konsumen maupun pemerintah. Tujuan Penelitian: untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepemimpinan, motivasi K3 tenaga kerja, komitmen manajemen tentang K3 dan keterlibatan tenaga kerja dengan pelaksanaan manajemen K3 RS berdasarkan persepsi tenaga kerja di RSU Nurdin Hamzah Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian korelasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional survai, Pengumpulan datanya hanya dilakukan satu kali pada sampel dengan menggunakan kuisioner pada suatu saat tertentu. Besar sampel= 75 orang dari jumlah populasi 95 orang ditentukan untuk tingkat kesalahan 5% memakai tabel yang dikembangkan dari rumus Isaac dan Michael.Sampel ditentukan dengan teknik random sampling menggunakan tabel bilangan random. Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Analisis korelasi Product Moment menghasilkan hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kepemimpinan dengan pelaksanaan manajemen K3 RS (rXY)= 0,593 ; p=0,000, motivasi K3 tenaga kerja dengan pelaksanaan manajemen K3 RS (rXY)= 0,505 ; p = 0,000, komitmen manajemen dengan pelaksanaan manajemen K3 RS (rXY)= 0,627; p= 0,000 dan keterlibatan tenaga kerja dengan pelaksanaan manajemen K3RS (rXY)= 0,572 ; p= 0,000. Variabel kepemimpinan memberikan bobot sumbangan efektif paling besar terhadap pelaksanaan manajemen K3 RS (20,915%); disusul variabel komitmen manajemen tentang K3 (14,589%); keterlibatan tenaga kerja (13,131%); dan motivasi K3 tenaga kerja (9,713%). Analisis regresi ganda menghasilkan hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kepemimpinan, motivasi K3 tenaga kerja, komitmen manajemen dan keterlibatan tenaga kerja dengan pelaksanaan manajemen K3 RS, secara bersama-sama yakni Fregresi= 24,514 ; p < 0,05, koefisien korelasi ganda (R) sebesar= 0764, dan koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar= 0,583.

Background: The result of national survey at 2,600 hospitals in the United States of America shows that in average 68 health staffs have on the job accident and 6 persons have illness in each hospital. Other reports show that accidents in hospitals happened 41% greater than in other industries. The management of occupational health in hospitals aims to protect hospital staffs against the risk of work related accidents/illness due to work/disease due to working relationship and increase productivity and image of the hospital from both consumers and the government. Objective: To identify the association between leadership, motivation of occupational health staffs, commitment of management toward occupational health and participation of staff in the implementation of hospital occupational health management based on the perception of staff at Nurdin Hamzah Hospital, District of Tanjung Jabung Timur. Method: The study was correlational with cross sectional survey design. Data were obtained from questionnaire. Samples consisted of 75 people out of 95 people at possible error of 5 % with a table developed from Isaac and Michael formula. Samples were taken randomly using the table of random number. Result and conclusion: The result of Product Moment Correlation analysis showed positive significant association independently between leadership and the implementation of hospital occupational health management rxy =0.593; p 0.000, motivation of occupational health staff and the implementation of hospital occupational health management rxy= 0.505; p 0.000, management commitment and the implementation of hospital occupational health management rxy=0.627; p 0.000, and the participation staff and the implementation of hospital occupational health management rxy=0.572;p 0.000, Variable of leadership gave the greatest effective contribution to the implementation of hospital occupational health management (20.915%), followed by management commitment toward occupational health (14.589%), participation of staff (13.131%) and motivation of occupational health staff (9.713%). The result of multiple regression analysis showed positive significant association between leadership, motivation of occupational health staff, management commitment and participation staff and the implementation of hospital occupational health management all together with Fregression=24.514; p<0.05 R=0.764, and R2= 0.583.

Kata Kunci : Kepemimpinan, Motivasi K3, Komitmen manajemen, Keterlibatan. tenaga kerja dan Pelaksanaan manajemen K3 RS, Leadership, Motivation, Occupational Health, Management Commitment, Participation