Kadar interleukin 6 pada penderita hipertensi di Kecamatan Mlati Kabupaten Sleman :: Tinjauan pustaka dan laporan penelitian

WIDODO, Sri, Prof. Dr. dr. Moch. Sjabani, M.Med.Sc., SpPD-KGH

2009 | Tesis | S2 PPDS 1-Ilmu Penyakit Dalam

Pendahuluan Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko meningkatnya angka kesakitan dan kematian akibat penyakit serebrokardiovaskuler dan penyakit ginjal kronik. Sitokin inflamasi mempunyai peranan terhadap regulasi tekanan darah. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) ditenggarai berperan dalam peningkatan tekanan darah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar IL-6 pada penderita hipertensi dan tidak hipertensi di Kecamatan Mlati kabupaten Sleman. Metode Dengan metode uji potong lintang diambil sample 9 dari 45 dusun secara acak dari 3 desa di kecamatan Mlati Kabupaten Sleman. Didapatkan 5232 orang diukur tekanan darahnya dan pengisian kuesioner serta dikelompokan menjadi hipertensi stage 1, stage 2 dan tidak hipertensi. Selanjutnya diambil sampel secara acak ditiap kelompok untuk diperiksa kadar IL-6. Hasil Pada kelompok hipertensi stage 1 didapatkan 42 orang, stage 2 sebanyak 55 orang dan tidak hipertensi 64 orang. Rerata umur didapatkan lebih tinggi bermakna pada kelompok hipertensi stage 2 dibandingkan stage 1 dan tidak hipertensi (58,9 ±11 tahun vs 55,2±13,9 tahun vs 39,8±11,4 tahun, p<0,001 95%CI 46,9-52,0). Pada kelompok hipertensi stage 1, dibandingkan stage 2 dan tidak hipertensi disemua umur didapatkan perbedaan bermakan kadar IL-6 (6,6±5,2pg/dl vs 6,2±4,8pg/dl vs 4,8±4,7pg/dl, p<0,003 95%CI 5,02-6,55), Indek Masa Tubuh (IMT) (93,9±26,4 vs 90,2±26,3 vs 81,9±11,6, p=0,002 95%CI 21,3-22,6). Kadar IL-6 didapatkan lebih tinggi bermakna pada kelompok hipertensi stage 1 dibandingkan normal (p=0,004) dan kelompok hipertensi stage 2 dibandingkan normal (p=0,004). Setelah dikelompokkan berdasar umur, dengan interval 10 tahun, dikelompok umur 30-39, kadar IL 6 menetap lebih tinggi bermakna pada kelompok hipertensi (stage 1, stage2) dibandingkan tidak hipertensi (5,95±2,7 vs 2,1±1,18 p 0,001 95% CI -5,45- -2,08), dan IMT (p=0,008 95% CI -6,67 – 1,09). Hasil analisa regresi logistik multivarian didapatkan IL-6 berhubungan dengan hipertensi (p=0,013;95% CI 1,3-6,8 dengan OR 2,9) Simpulan Kadar IL-6 lebih tinggi bermakna kelompok hipertensi (stage 1, stage 2 dibandingkan tidak hipertensi dan setelah dikelompokan berdasarkan umur, pada kelompok umur 30-29 tahun kadarnya menetap lebih tinggi pada kelompok hipertensi.

Background Hypertension was risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality resulted from cerebrovasculare and particularly end stage renal disease. Cytokine inflammatory has a role toward blood pressure regulation. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that has role in the increasing blood pressure. The aim of the research is to know the defference of IL-6 level in hypertension patient in mlati subdistric, sleman district, Yogyakarta Material and Methods This study uses cross-sectional method with randomized sampling of 9 sub-villages from 45 sub-villages in three villages in Mlati Sub-district, Sleman District. We measured the blood pressure of 5232 and we made randomized sample from each group to measured the levels of IL-6 Result We found 42 persons in stage I hypertension group, 55 persons in stage II hypertension group and 63 persons in non-hypertension group. There is a significant difference of age between stage I hypertension group, stage II, non-hypertension group is (55.2±13.9 vs 58.9 ±11.7 vs 39.8±11.14 years old for). There is significantly difference betwen hypertension stage 1 group, stage 2 group and non hypertension group (6.2±4.8 pg/dl; 6.6±5.2 pg/dl and 4.8±4.7 pg/dl for (p<0.001and higher among in hypertension compare non hypertension). In the 30-40 years group there is a significant difference between hypertension group an non hypertension group ( 6.1±2.4pg/dl vs 2,2±1.0pg/dl, p < 0.001). The difference between body mass index (BMI) in the hypertension group and non hypertension group is also significant (24.3±3.35 vs 20.3±2.9; p=0.02). However after multivariant logistic regression analysis there is only IL-6 levels significatntly associated with hypertension (p=0.012, 95%CI: 1,3-6,8). Conclution The level of IL-6 is significantly difference betwen hypertension stage 1 group, stage 2 group and non hypertension group and higher among in hypertension compare non hypertension. The level of IL-6 is significantly difference among hypertension patient compare to normal in the 30-40 years group

Kata Kunci : IL,6,Hipertensi stage 1,Hipertensi stage 2, IL-6, hypertension, stage 1 hypertension, stage 2 hypertension