Pengaruh penambahan ampas virgin coconut oil dalam ransum terhadap performan, produksi karkas, perlemakan, antibodi, dan mikroskopik otot serta organ pencernaan ayam broiler

OKTAVIANA, Dina, Prof. Dr. Ir. Zuprizal, DEA

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ampas Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) terhadap performan, kualitas karkas, perlemakan, antibodi, dan mikroskopik otot serta organ pencernaan ayam broiler. Seratus dua puluh lima ekor ayam broiler ditempatkan pada 5 perlakuan pakan yang berbeda, yaitu R-0 (ransum basal), R-0,5 (0,5% ampas VCO), R-1,0 (1,0% ampas VCO), R-1,5 (1,5% ampas VCO), R-2,0 (2,0% ampas VCO). Setiap kelompok perlakuan pakan terdiri dari 5 replikasi masing-masing dengan 5 ekor. Ayam broiler dipelihara selama 5 minggu, setiap akhir minggu ayam ditimbang untuk mendapatkan data penampilan produksi berupa pertambahan berat badan, total konsumsi, dan konversi pakan. Pengambilan darah untuk uji titer antibodi dan kolesterol darah diambil pada minggu terakhir penelitian. Data kualitas fisik daging dan perlemakan didapat setelah ayam dipotong pada umur 5 minggu. Data yang diperoleh di analisis secara statistik menggunakan analisis variansi Completely Randomized Design (CRD) Pola Searah. Perbedaan yang nyata antar perlakuan diuji lanjut menggunakan Duncans’s new Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ampas VCO sampai dengan level 2,0% tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap penampilan produksi, bobot karkas, dan persentase karkas ayam broiler. Penambahan ampas VCO sampai dengan level 2,0% menghasilkan peningkatan bobot potong (P<0,05), serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot dan persentase lemak abdominal (P<0,05), menurunkan kadar lemak daging, meningkatkan lemak subkutan, dan menurunkan kolesterol daging dan kolesterol darah ayam broiler (P<0,05). Uji kualitas fisik daging menghasilkan peningkatan pH daging, serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya ikat air dan susut masak daging (P<0,05) dan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap keempukan daging ayam broiler, dan menghasilkan peningkatan 3 asam lemak daging seperti asam lemak, kaprat, laurat dan miristat. Penambahan ampas VCO hingga 2,0% tidak mempengaruhi jaringan otot namun berpengaruh terhadap perubahan jaringan hati, ginjal, dan proventikulus serta belum mampu memicu timbulnya respon imun terhadap titer antibodi terhadap virus ND.

The experiment was conducted to examine the effect of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) waste on the performance, carcass quality, fatness, antibody, microstructural of digestive organs of broiler. One hundred and twenty five of broiler were divided into 5 treatments such as R-O (basal diet), R-0.5 (0.5% VCO waste), R-1.0 (1.0% VCO waste), R-1.5 (1.5% VCO waste) and R-2.0 (2.0% VCO waste). Each treatments consisted of 5 replication with 5 head experiment the birds. The birds were raised for 5 weeks. At the end of were weighted for data of production performance such as weight gain, total intake, and feed conversion. The blood sampling was taken for determination of antibody titer and blood cholesterol, and as analysis of variance of experiment. The data was analyzed by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one way analysis. The difference among treatments were tested using Duncan’s new Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The statistical analysis result showed that the addition of VCO waste at level of 2.0 % did not affect on product performance, carcass weight and carcass percentage of broiler. Adding VCO waste up to 2.0% resulted in the increase of slaughters weight (P<0.05), decrease of fat muscle, increase of subcutaneous fat, and significant affect meet cholesterol and blood cholesterol of broiler (P<0.05). Test on meet quality resulting in the increase of meat pH, and significant effect water holding capacity, and meat cooking loss but the tenderness of broiler meat. The treatment increased 3 fatty acid such caproic, lauric, and mirictic. Adding VCO waste up to 2.0% did not affect muscle tissue, but influenced the changes of tissues of liver, kidney and proventiculus. The treatments did not stimulate immune response on antibody titer against ND viruses as well.

Kata Kunci : Ayam broiler,Ampas vco,Perlemakan,Kualitas fisik,Titer antibodi ND, Broiler, VCO waste, Fatness, Physical quality, ND antibody titer