Pengaruh penambahan minyak kelapa, minyak biji bunga matahari dan minyak kelapa sawit terhadap penurunan produksi metan dic dalam rumen secara in vitro

SITORESMI, Puput Diah, Prof. Dr. Ir. Lies Mira Yusiati, SU

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan minyak nabati, yaitu meliputi minyak kelapa, minyak biji bunga matahari, dan minyak kelapa sawit terhadap produksi metan, jumlah protozoa, kadar NH3, aktivitas carboximethyl cellulase (CMC-ase), dan kadar protein mikrobia pada fermentasi rumput raja dan bekatul oleh mikrobia rumen secara in vitro. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 macam perlakuan, yaitu melihat efek minyak kelapa, minyak biji bunga matahari, dan minyak kelapa sawit dan level penambahan minyak yaitu 0%, 2,5%, 5,0%, dan 7,5%. Setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 3 ulangan. Fermentasi dilakukan menggunakan Hohenheim gas test (HGT) pada suhu 39°C selama 72 jam. Pada akhir fermentasi dilakukan koleksi gas metan, pengamatan produksi gas, jumlah protozoa, kadar NH3, aktivitas carboximethyl cellulase (CMC-ase), kadar protein mikrobia, dan nilai pH. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis variansi pola faktorial (3x4) dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata jumlah protozoa mengalami penurunan (P<0,05) sebesar 9,8%, 20,85%, dan 23,95% dan diikuti dengan penurunan rerata produksi metan (P<0,01) sebesar 11,11%, 15,79%, dan 18,51% pada penambahan minyak sebanyak 2,5%, 5,0%, dan 7,5% dibandingkan dengan kontrol, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar NH3, aktivitas carboximethyl cellulase (CMC-ase), dan kadar protein mikrobia. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diambil kesimpulan penambahan minyak kelapa paling besar pengaruhnya terhadap penurunan produksi metan melalui inhibisi protozoa dan penambahan minyak hingga level 5,0% mampu menurunkan produksi metan sebesar 15,80%.

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of vegetable oil, such as coconut oil, sunflower seed oil, and palm olein on methane production, amount of protozoa, microbial protein cocentration, ammonia (NH3) concentration and carboxymethyl cellulase (CMC-ase) activity in in vitro of king grass and rice bran fermentation by rumen microbial. The experiment consisted of two treatments (i.e.) the effect of coconut oil, sunflower seed oil, and palm olein and addition of vegetable oil at level of 0%, 2,5%, 5,0%, and 7,5%. The fermentation was done using Hohenheim gas test (HGT) incubated at 39°C for 72 hours with three replicates. At the end of the fermentation, methane concentration, amount of protozoa, microbial protein concentration, NH3 concentration, CMC-ase activity, and pH were observed. Data obtained were analyzed using analisize of variance and the design using factorial (3x4). The deferences of mean values were analyzed by Duncan’s new multiple range test (DMRT). The result showed that the amount of protozoa decreased (P<0,05) as much as 9,8%, 20,85%, and 23,95%, followed by methane supression (P<0,01) as much as 11,11%, 15,79%, and 18,51% with oil addition at level 2,5%, 5,0%, and 7,5% compared to control, but no effect on microbial protein concentration, ammonia (NH3) concentration and carboxymethyl cellulase (CMC-ase) activity. It concluded that coconut oil had the highest affect on methane production by inhibition of protozoa and addition oil up to 5,0% reduced methane production as much as 15,80%.

Kata Kunci : Minyak kelapa,Minyak biji bunga matahari,Minyak kelapa sawit,Produksi metan,Jumlah protozoa,Fermentasi in vitro, Coconut Oil, Sunflower Seed Oil, Palm Olein, Methane Production, Protozoa Count, In Vitro Fermentation