Penggunaan zeolit dan arang tempurung kelapa dalam pakan ayam petelur berprotein rendah terhadap produksi, kadar amonia, dan populasi larva lalat

PUSPASARI, Candra Elia, Prof. Ir. Wihandoyo, MS., Ph.D

2009 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan zeolit dan arang tempurung kelapa (ATK) pada pakan PK 17% dan PK 14% yang ditambah asam amino kritis terhadap produksi telur, polutan amonia, dan larva lalat rumah (Musca domestica). Seratus lima puluh ekor ayam petelur coklat umur 50 minggu dibagi secara acak dalam 10 perlakuan, setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 3 ulangan, dan masing-masing ulangan terdiri dari 5 ekor ayam. Sepuluh pakan perlakuan yaitu R1 (PK 17% + tanpa penambahan zeolit dan ATK), R2 (PK 17% + zeolit 2%), R3 (PK 17% + zeolit 4%), R4 (PK17% + ATK 2%), R5 (PK 17% + ATK 4%), R6 (PK 14% + Lys, Met, Thr, Trp + tanpa penambahan zeolit dan ATK), R7 (PK 14% + Lys, Met, Thr, Trp + zeolit 2%), R8 (PK 14% + Lys, Met, Thr, Trp + zeolit 4%), R9 (PK 14% + Lys, Met, Thr, Trp + ATK 2%), dan R10 (PK 14% + Lys, Met, Thr, Trp + ATK 4%). Parameter yang diamati adalah konsumsi pakan, produksi telur, bobot telur, konversi pakan, kadar air tinja, kadar amonia tinja, jumlah larva lalat, dinamika populasi lalat, nilai haugh unit, tebal kerabang, dan warna yolk. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Pola Searah dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji kontras polinomial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antara pakan protein 17% dan 14% yang ditambah asam amino kritis tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P<0,05) masing-masing terhadap konsumsi pakan (102,914 g/ekor/hari dan 101,57 g/ekor/hari), produksi telur (69,914% dan 68,86%), dan konversi pakan (2,316 dan 2,326), akan tetapi berbeda nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kadar air tinja (72,44% dan 73,04%), kadar amonia tinja (4,3216 mg/100ml dan 4,058 mg/100ml), dan jumlah larva lalat (363 ekor dan 267 ekor). Protein pakan 17% yang ditambah zeolit 2%, zeolit 4%, ATK 2%, dan ATK 4% kadar air tinja menjadi (73,41%; 70,16%; 71,07%; dan 70,78%), kadar amonia tinja (3,575 mg/100ml; 3,470 mg/100ml; 4,468 mg/100ml; dan 4,417 mg/100ml), jumlah larva lalat (312 ekor; 213 ekor; 359 ekor; dan 249 ekor), dan produksi telurnya (73,11%; 68,00%; 67,79%; dan 72,67%). Protein pakan 14% yang ditambah asam amino kritis yang ditambah zeolit 2%, zeolit 4%, ATK 2%, dan ATK 4% kadar air tinja menjadi (72,39%; 70,92%; 73,19%; dan 72,64%), kadar amonia tinja (3,362 mg/100ml; 3,154 mg/100ml; 4,941 mg/100ml; dan 4,101 mg/100ml), jumlah larva lalat (220 ekor; 153 ekor; 315ekor; dan 178 ekor), dan produksi telurnya (69,55%; 69,3%; 68,33%; dan 69,00%). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pakan 14% yang ditambah asam amino kritis dengan penambahan zeolit 4% paling baik dalam mengurangi kadar air, kadar amonia, dan larva lalat, tanpa mengurangi produksi telurnya.

The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the effect of addition zeolite and coconut shell charcoal to 17% protein dietary and 14% low dietary protein with critical amino acids on eggs production, ammonia fecal emission, and populations of house fly (Musca domestica) larvae. One hundred and fifty layers of brown at 50 weeks of aged were randomly devided into 10 dietary treatments, each treatments consisted of 3 replications, and each replications consisted of 5 birds. Ten dietary treatments were R1 (17% CP, without zeolite and coconut shell charcoal addition), R2 (17% CP with 2% zeolite addition), R3 (17% CP with 4% zeolite addition), R4 (17% CP with 2% coconut shell charcoal addition), R5 (17% CP with 4% coconut shell charcoal addition), R6 (14% CP + Lys, Met, Thr, Trp without zeolite and coconut shell charcoal addition), R7 (14% CP + Lys, Met, Thr, Trp with 2% zeolite addition), R8 (14% CP + Lys, Met, Thr, Trp with 4% zeolite addition), R9 (14% CP + Lys, Met, Thr, Trp with 2% coconut shell charcoal addition), and R10 (14% CP + Lys, Met, Thr, Trp with 4% coconut shell charcoal addition). Parameters were observed feed consumtions, eggs production, eggs weight, FCR, moisture content, ammonia fecal emission, populations of house fly larvae, dynamic population of house fly, haugh unit value, eggshell thickness, and yolk colour. Data was analyzed by Complete Random Design and then were tested by contrast polynomial. The results showed that 17% CP dietary and 14% CP dietary with critical amino acids addition did not significant (P<0.05) to feed consumtions (102.914 g/bird/day and 101.57 g/bird/day), eggs production (69.91% and 68.86%), and FCR (2.316 and 2.326), but had significant (P<0.05) effect on moisture content (72.44% and 73.04%), ammonia fecal emission (4.3216 and 4.058 mg/100ml), populations of house fly larvae (363 birds and 267 birds). Seventeen percent CP dietary with zeolite 2%, zeolite 4%, coconut shell charcoal 2%, dan coconut shell charcoal 4% respectively moisture content (73.41%; 70.16%; 71.07%; and 70.78%), ammonia fecal emission (3.575 mg/100ml; 3.470 mg/100ml; 4.468 mg/100ml; and 4.417 mg/100ml) populations of house fly larvae (312 birds; 213 birds; 359 birds; and 249 birds), and eggs production (73.1%; 68.00%; 67.79%; and 72.67%). Fourteen percent CP dietary with critical amino acids addition and zeolite 2%, zeolite 4%, coconut shell charcoal 2%, and coconut shell charcoal 4% addition respectively moisture content (72.39%; 70.92%; 73.19%; and 72.64%), ammonia fecal emission (3.362 mg/100ml; 3.154 mg/100ml, 4.941 mg/100ml; and 4.101 mg/100ml) population of house fly larvae (220 birds; 153 birds; 315 birds, and 178 birds), and eggs production (69.55%; 69.33%; 68.33%; and 69.00%). It can be concluded that 14% CP dietary with critical amino acids and zeolite 4% addition the best treatment to reduced moisture content, ammonia fecal emission, and population of house fly larvae, without reduced eggs production. production.

Kata Kunci : Pakan protein rendah,Zeolit,Kadar amonia tinja,Jumlah larva lalat, Low dietary crude protein, Zeolite, Coconut shell charcoal, Ammonia Fecal emission, Populations of house fly larvae.