Prestasi belajar pada siswa yang mengalami premenstrual syndrome di SMA Muhammadiyah Cirebon

ZAITUN, Prof. dr. Djaswadi D, SpOG(K), MPH, Ph.D

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang :Kejadian premenstrual syndrome pada wanita di Indonesia terdapat 23-24%. Prevalensi pada siswa SMA 39,2% mengalami gejala berat dan 60,8% gejala ringan. Gejala-gejala yang dialami berupa rasa nyeri pada perut bagian bawah, nyeri pada payudara, sakit kepala disertai perubahan psikologis dan tingkah laku. Dampak premenstrual syndrome terhadap prestasi belajar siswa; menyebabkan penurunan konsentrasi belajar, peningkatan ketidakhadiran di kelas sampai tidak bisa mengikuti ujian. Pencapaian tujuan belajar akan terhambat bila kondisi kesehatan terganggu. Tujuan Penelitian : Untuk melihat hubungan antara premenstrual syndrome dengan prestasi belajar siswa SMA Muhammadiyah Cirebon. Metode Penelitian : Rancangan unmatched case control study. Kasus adalah kelompok siswa dengan prestasi belajar rendah, kontrol adalah kelompok siswa dengan prestasi belajar tinggi. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari kelompok kasus dan kelompok kontrol dengan perbandingan 1:1. Kriteria inklusi: mengalami menstruasi rutin. Kriteria eksklusi: siswa putri yang sedang hamil, belum menarche, pernah operasi pengangkatan uterus, tidak bersedia menjadi responden. Analisis data terdiri dari univariabel, analisis bivariabel chi-square dan multivariabel menggunakan regresi logistik. Data kualitatif menggunakan content analysis. Hasil :Analisis kuantitatif: Proporsi prestasi belajar rendah lebih besar pada kelompok siswa yang mengalami premenstrual syndrome daripada siswa yang tidak mengalami premenstrual syndrome. Ada hubungan antara premenstrual syndrome dengan prestasi belajar. Variabel intelegensi bermakna terhadap prestasi belajar. Analisis kualitatif :Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses belajar adalah rasa sakit saat menjelang haid, guru yang menyebalkan dan suasana rumah yang ramai. Kesimpulan : Proporsi prestasi belajar rendah lebih besar pada kelompok siswa yang mengalami premenstrual syndrome daripada kelompok siswa yang tidak mengalami premenstrual syndrome. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara premenstrual syndrome dengan prestasi belajar. Faktorfaktor yang mempengaruhi proses belajar adalah kondisi kesehatan, guru yang menyebalkan serta suasana rumah yang ramai.

Background: The prevalence of premenstrual syndrome women in Indonesia is 23-24%. Prevalence of students senior high school is 39,2%. The symptoms cause physical, psychological and behavioral discomfort. The impact of menstrual syndrome to academic achievement of students may be reflected in declining concentration in studying, increasing absence from class and absence from examination. The achievement of learning objectives may be hampered if there is problem in health condition. Objective: To find out the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and academic achievement of Muhammadiyah Senior High School students at Cirebon. Method: The design unmatched case control study design. The case was group of students with low academic achievement and the control was the group of students with high academic achievement at comparison 1:1. Inclusion criterion was having routine menstruation; exclusion criteria were pregnant female students, those who had not got menarche, had operation of uterus removal, those who were unwilling to become respondents. Data analysis used univariable, bivariable with chi square and multivariable with logistic regression. The process of qualitative data used content analysis. Result: The result of quantitative analysis showed that the proportion of premenstrual syndrome was greater in students with low academic achievement than in those with high academic achievement. There was significant relationship between premenstrual syndrome and academic achievement. Variables intelligence there was significant relationship with academic achievement. The result of qualitative analysis showed that factors affecting the process of learning were illness prior to menstruation, unsymphatetic teachers and inconvenient home environment. Conclusion: The proportion of premenstrual syndrome was greater in the students with low academic achievement than in those with high academic achievement. There was significant relationship between premenstrual syndrome and academic achievement. Factors affecting the learning process were health condition, unsymphatetic teachers and inconvenient home environment.

Kata Kunci : Prestasi belajar,Premenstrual syndrome,Siswa SMA, academic achievement, premenstrual syndrome, senior high school students