Pengendalian persediaan obat dengan metode economic order quantity (EOQ) di instalasi farmasi RSU Kardinah Tegal

NAFILLA, Nurina, Prof. Dr. Marchaban, DESS, Apt

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Farmasi

Pengendalian persediaan obat di Instalasi Farmasi RSU Kardinah Tegal masih belum optimal yang ditunjukkan dari banyaknya obat yang expired date, kekosongan obat, dan obat menumpuk yang tak terpakai. Permasalahan ini perlu dicari solusinya, sehingga dilakukan penelitian pengendalian persediaan obat dengan menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang pengendalian persediaan obat setelah melaksanakan efisiensi melalui penerapan metode Economic order quantity di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Umum Kardinah. Penelitian dilakukan di RSU Kardinah Tegal, dengan intervensi pada obat klasifikasi A yang telah dianalisis ABC, sebesar 75% dari Harga Pokok Penjualan obat di rumah sakit. Perhitungan jumlah obat klasifikasi A yang dipesan, digunakan EOQ, sedang ROP adalah jumlah obat saat akan dilakukan pembelian kembali untuk menetapkan waktu pemesanan. Pengamatan total nilai persediaan, ITOR, dan tingkat layanan yang dilakukan pada tahap sebelum, selama, dan sesudah intervensi. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan paired sample t-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) terhadap obat klasifikasi A dapat menurunkan nilai persediaan total dari sebelum intervensi Rp 257.719.902,00 menjadi Rp 176.858.798,00 sesudah intervensi, meningkatkan Inventory Turn Over Ratio (ITOR) dari sebelum intervensi 0,543 menjadi 0,977 (tiap bulan) sesudah intervensi dan meningkatkan tingkat layanan dari sebelum intervensi 98,71% menjadi 99,50% sesudah intervensi. Hasil analisis paired sample t-Test menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode EOQ disertai ROP berpengaruh nyata terhadap penurunan nilai persediaan, peningkatan ITOR, dan peningkatan tingkat layanan.

The controlling of drugs inventory can be both right and ensure patients get the drugs individually quality, improve the efficiency of the use of drugs, and lower cost drugs for patients. The controlling of drugs inventory in Kardinah Hospital are important The controlling of drugs inventory can used Economic Order Quantity method. This research is aimed at obtaining a picture on controlling drugs inventory after efficiency by using Economic Order Quantity in Pharmacy Department of Kardinah Hospital. This research was conducted in Kardinah Hospital located on Jalan KS Tubun, Tegal. Intervention was conducted to drugs included into classification A that has been analyzed with ABC Analysis. A classification drug is 75% of drug’s basic sales price in hospital. Calculation of ordered A Classification drugs employed EOQ. Whereas ROP means total calculated remaining drugs, to determine time of order. Observation on total inventory values, ITOR, and service level was conducted on pre, during, and post intervention. Research data analysis using paired sample t test. Results of research show that application of Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) upon A classification drugs can decrease total inventory values from Rp 257,719,902 before intervention to be Rp 176,858,798 after intervention and increase of inventory turn over ratio (ITOR) from 0.61 before intervention to 1.02 after intervention, monthly, and improve customer service level from 98.71% before intervention to 99.50% after intervention. Results of paired sample t-test analysis show that application of EOQ method along with ROP has real impacts on the decrease of inventory value, ITOR increase, and customer service level improvement.

Kata Kunci : Economic order quantity (EOQ), Nilai persediaan, Inventory turn over ratio (ITOR), Tingkat layanan, inventory value, customer service level