Mitigasi kerusakan lingkungan akibat penambangan batu apung di Desa Selengen Kecamatan Kayangan Kabupaten Lombok Barat

JAYADI, Anwar, Prof. Dr. Ir. Kabul Basah S., Dip.H.E., D.E.A

2008 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Sipil

Penambangan batuapung berlangsung sejak tahun 1980-an, menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan. Desa Selengen merupakan salah satu lokasi penambangan dengan kerusakan cukup memprihatinkan dan belum ada upaya reklamasi. Polusi udara, debu, kebisingan truk pengangkut, serta limbah dari kegiatan pengolahan dibuang langsung ke sungai, sehingga terjadi pencemaran lingkungan. Rencana penanganannya yaitu pendekatan mitigasi secara non teknis dengan memanfaatkan kearifan lokal melalui program pemberdayaan masyarakat. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan identifikasi terhadap dampak kerusakan lingkungan yang ditimbulkan dengan memberikan format kuesioner untuk mengetahui sejauh mana tingkat kepedulian masyarakat dan aparat terhadap ke giatan penambangan. Analisis model “SWOT” diterapkan untuk mengoptimalkan upaya mitigasi kerusakan yang terjadi melalui pola penanganan yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi lingkungan internal dan eksternal. Analisis dilakukan terhadap tiga parameter penilaian dengan hasil pencapaian untuk tingkat kepedulian penambang terhadap identifikasi dan aktifitas penambangan mencapai 57,78%, permasalahan lingkungan dan upaya konservasi mencapai 34,91%, serta program penyuluhan dan sosialisasi mencapai 67,67%. Sedangkan tingkat kepedulian aparat terhadap identifikasi dan aktifitas penambangan mencapai 42,22%, permasalahan lingkungan dan upaya konservasi mencapai 65,09% serta program penyuluhan dan sosialisasi mencapai 32,33%. Optimasi penanganan dilaksanakan secara non teknis untuk mendapatkan rekomendasi panduan mitigasi melalui tahapan perencanaan, pengorga nisasian, pelaksanaan serta monitoring dan evaluasi yang bertumpu pada kemandirian masyarakat serta peran dan tanggung jawab stakeholders terkait.

Pumice mining has been carried out since the 1980s and has brought about environmental damage. Selengen Village is one of the mining areas that suffer from considerable environmental damage, yet not subjected to any reclamation efforts. The environmental damage takes the form of air pollution, dust, noise generated by mining trucks, and waste from mining applications which is dumped directly into the river. To deal with the problem, non-technical mitigation is to be taken by drawing upon local wisdoms through community empowerment program. The research identified the impact of the environmental damage by means of questionnaires in order to find out the degree of concern of the local community and government functionaries for the mining activity. The research also employed SWOT Analysis to optimize mitigation efforts through a management system which would take external and internal conditions of environment into consideration. The results of analysis conducted using three parameters indicated that the degree of concern of the miners for mining identification and activity was 57.78%, for environmental problems and conservation efforts 34.91%, and for programs of dissemination of information 67.67% while the degree of concern of the government functionaries for mining identification and activity was 42.22%, for environmental problems and conservation efforts 65.09%, and for programs of dissemination of information 32.33 %. Optimization of management system to deal with environmental damage is to be performed in a non-technical manner aiming for mitigation which undergoes stages of planning, organization, execution, monitoring, and evaluation built upon self-reliance of the community as well as responsibility of the stakeholders involved.

Kata Kunci : Kerusakan lingkungan, Batuapung, Mitigasi, Kuesioner, SWOT, Environmental Damage, Pumice, Mitigation, Questionnaire