Analisis stabilitas tegangan sistem tenaga listrik 500 kV Jamali

WAHYUDI, Dr. Eng. Suharyanto, ST., M.Eng

2008 | Tesis | S2 Magister Sistem Energi Elektrik

Persoalan stabilitas tegangan sangat penting dalam perencanaan dan pengoperasian sistem tenaga listrik. Analisis stabilitas tegangan sistem tenaga listrik diperlukan untuk mengetahui batas kemampuan sistem dalam menyalurkan daya ke beban tanpa melampaui batas titik kritis tegangan yang diizinkan, untuk menghindari voltage collapse. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui batas stabilitas atau titik kritis tegangan Sistem Tenaga Listrik 500 kV JAMALI dalam menyalurkan daya ke beban. Metode penelitian ini berupa simulasi dengan menggunakan program aplikasi PSS/E (Power System Symulator for Engineering) versi 30.1. Simulasi dilakukan dengan beberapa skenario pembebanan sebagai berikut : (1) pada kondisi beban puncak, (2) pada kondisi beban puncak bertambah 7%, (3) pada kondisi beban puncak dan terjadi gangguan terputusnya saluran antara Ungaran – Mandirancan sirkit 1, (4) pada kondisi beban puncak bertambah 7% dan terjadi gangguan terputusnya saluran yang sama. Analisis batas stabilitas atau titik kritis tegangan dilakukan dengan menggunakan kurva P-V dan kurva Q-V. Hasil analisis dengan kurva P-V menunjukkan bahwa, batas maksimum kenaikan transfer daya aktif dari Region 3 ke Region 2 adalah sebagai berikut : (1) pada kondisi beban puncak sistem 9.771 MW yang terjadi tanggal 28 April 2008 sebesar 837 MW, (2) pada kondisi beban puncak bertambah 7%, sebesar 713 MW, (3) pada kondisi beban puncak dan terjadi gangguan terputusnya saluran antara Ungaran – Mandirancan sirkit 1, sebesar 457 MW, (4) pada kondisi beban puncak bertambah 7% dan terjadi gangguan terputusnya saluran yang sama, sebesar 321 MW . Sedangkan hasil analisis dengan kurva Q-V menunjukkan bahwa, batas maksimum pengurangan daya reaktif di bus Pedan adalah sebagai berikut : (1) pada kondisi beban puncak, sebesar 333,53 MVAr, (2) pada kondisi beban puncak bertambah 7%, sebesar 232,49 MVAr, (3) pada kondisi beban puncak dan terjadi gangguan terputusnya saluran antara Ungaran – Mandirancan sirkit 1, sebesar 208,35 MVAr, (4) pada kondisi beban puncak bertambah 7% dan terjadi gangguan terputusnya saluran yang sama, sebesar 111,40 MVAr .

The problem of voltage stability is very important in the planning and the operation of a power system. An analysis on the stability of the power system is necessary to find out the capacity limit of the system in transferring the power to loads without exceeding a permissible critical point limit of voltage in preventing the voltage collapse. The study is to find out the limit of voltage stability or the critical point of voltage in the 500 kV JAMALI Power System in transferring the power to loads. Method of the study is a simulation by applying the program of the PSS/E (the Power System Simulator for Engineering) version 30.1. The simulation is conducted by applying various scenarios of loading as follow: (1) at the condition of peak load, (2) at the condition of peak load with the increment of 7%, (3) at the condition of peak load with the contingency of interrupted line in circuit 1 of Ungaran - Mandirancan, and (4) at the condition of peak load with the increment of 7% with the contingency of the same interrupted line. The analysis on the limit of voltage stability or critical point was conducted by using the P-V curve and Q-V curve. Result of the analysis by using the P-V curve indicates that the maximum limits of active power transfer increment from the Region 3 to the Region 2 as follows: (1) at the condition of peak load in the system of 9,771 MW that occurred on April 28, 2008, it was 837 MW, (2) at the condition of peak load with the increment of 7%, it was 713 MW, (3) at the condition of peak load and the contingency of interrupted line in circuit 1 of Ungaran – Mandirancan, it was 457 MW, and (4) at the condition of peak load with the increment of 7% and the contingency of the same interrupted line, it was 321 MW. While result of the analysis with the Q-V curve indicates that the maximum limits of reactive power decrement in the Pedan bus as follows: (1) at the condition of peak load, it was 333.53 MVar, (2) at the condition of peak load with the increment of 7%, it was 232.49 MVar, (3) at the condition of peak load and the contingency of interrupted line in circuit 1 of Ungaran – Mandirancan, it was 208.35 MVar, and (4) at the condition of peak load with the increment of 7% and the contingency of same interrupted line, it was 111.40 MVar.

Kata Kunci : Stabilitas tegangan, Kurva P,V, Kurva Q,V, Voltage stability, the P-V curve, the Q-V curve