Validitas foto thorax proyeksi posterio-anterior untuk menegakkan diagnosis emphysema pulmonum

KUSUMANINGRUM, Sulistyani, dr. Henry kusumo Husodoputra, Sp.Rad(K)

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Klinik

Kelainan struktur paru dapat memberi manifestasi pada gambaran radiologi foto thorax proyeksi posterio-anterior (foto thorax PA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan validitas foto thorax PA untuk mendiagnosis emphysema pulmonum. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian uji diagnostik yang dilakukan di Radiologi RSUD Dr Moewardi Surakarta bulan Juli sampai Oktober 2008. Didapatkan sampel penelitian sebanyak 192 subyek, usia 18-81 tahun dengan jumlah laki-laki 154 dan wanita 38. Seluruh subyek dilakukan pemeriksaan foto thorax PA meliputi : 1) Hiperinflasi 2) Hiperlusensi 3) Penurunan dan pendataran diafragma dan 4) Tear drop appearance jantung, untuk menentukan emphysema atau non emphysema. Dianggap emphysema bila memenuhi seluruh keadaan di atas dan non emphysema bila salah satu keadaan tidak terpenuhi. Spirometri menunjukkan obstruksi sesuai kriteria GOLD 2006. Dari 192 subyek penelitian, foto thorax PA emphysema 126 (66%) dan non emphysema 66 (34%). Foto thorax PA emphysema yang menunjukkan obstruksi 117 ( 93%) sedangkan non obstruksi 9 (7%). Foto thorax PA non emphysema menunjukkan obstruksi 12 (18%) dan non obstruksi 54 (82%). Kebiasaan merokok, tinggi pada kelompok foto thorax PA emphysema yaitu 109 ( 87%) sedangkan yang tidak merokok 17 ( 13%). Dari uji diagnostik didapatkan validitas foto thorax PA untuk mendiagnosis emphysema pulmonum sebagai berikut: sensitifitas 90,6 %, spesifisitas 84,3 %.

The abnormality of lung structure can manifest in Posterio-anterior chest X-Ray. This study maintained to get validity of Posterio-anterior chest X-ray to establish diagnosis of lung emphysema. This study is a diagnostic test were performed in Department of Radiology RSUD Dr Moewardi Surakarta from July until October 2008. All sample of this study was 192 subjects, with range of age between 18-81 years, 154 men and 38 women. All subjects were performed Posterio-Anterior chest X-Ray , include : 1)Hyperinflation 2) Hyperluscency 3) Decrease and flattened of diafragm and 4) Tear drop appearance of the heart, to determine either lung emphysema or non lung emphysema. Lung emphysema if it met with all criteria above and non lung emphysema if one of the criteria was not met. Spirometry showed obstruction with criteria of GOLD 2006. From 192 subjects showed Posterio-Anterior chest X-Ray, 126 subjects were lung emphysema (66%) and non lung emphysema were 66 (34%). Emphysematous Posterio- Anterior chest X-Ray with obstruction were 117 (93%) and non obstruction were 9 (7%). Non emphysematous chest X-Ray with obstruction were 12 (18%) and non obstruction were 54 (82%). Smoking habit was high in emphysematous Posterio-anterior chest X-Ray group, they were 109 (87%), and unsmoker were 17 (13%). The validity of Posterio-Anterior chest X-ray from the diagnostic test to establish diagnosis of lung emphysema were: 90.6 % in sensitivity and 84.3 % in spesificity.

Kata Kunci : Emphysema pulmonum,Foto thorax PA,Spirometri,Validitas, Emphysema pulmonum, Posterio-Anterior chest X-ray, spirometry, validity