Factors Affecting The Role of Community Based Organization in Urban Poverty Project :: A Comparison Between Tanjung Hilir Kelurahan and Dalam Bugis Kelurahan, Pontianak Municipality, Kalimantan Barat Province

HARTANTO, Agus, Ir. Bakti Setiawan, M.A., Ph.D

2008 | Tesis | S2 MPKD

Penelitian ini diawali dengan hiphotesa bahwa organisasi berbasis masyarakat dengan nilai social capital dan faktor internal yang lebih tinggi akan memiliki peran dan performa yang akan lebih baik. Tujuan dari riset ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan, membandingkan dan menganalisa kinerja dan peranan dari BKM sebagai organisasi berbasis masyarakat dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja dan peranan dari BKM. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian, riset ini menggabungkan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif untuk mengeksplorasi persepsi masyarakat di dua kelurahan yang menerima program P2KP: Kelurahan Dalam Bugis dan Tanjung Hilir. Metode kuantitatif yang digunakan adalah dengan mengaplikasikan beberapa indicator social capital dan faktor internal yang mempengaruhi peranan BKM. Indikator-indikator yang digunakan adalah dimensi social capital seperti karakteristik kelompok, kepercayaan, kebersamaan dan pemeloporan. Indikator faktor internal adalah kepemimpinan, demokrasi internal dan transparansi. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan kuesioner, wawancara dan data-data sekunder. Hasil utama dari riset ini adalah berhasil mengidentifikasi masing-masing indikator memiliki korelasi dengan persepsi output terhadap peranan dan kinerja BKM. Sebagian besar indikator memiliki hubungan yang positif kecuali indikator pemeloporan yang memiliki hubungan negative. Dari gabungan inidikator-indikator ini menjadi suatu persamaan regresi menghasilkan persamaan bahwa hanya indicator kepemimpinan, demokrasi internal dan kebersamaan yang secara statistic terbukti memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap peran dan kinerja BKM sebagai organisasi berbasis masyarakat.

Understanding performance and role of local organization within community surround it is a key for interventions from external actors (both governmental and non-governmental). For that reason, this research tried to identify factors that influence the performance of community based organization in urban poverty project, particularly from internal factor within community. Hence, the factors that were observed were: social capital dimension and community perception toward the performance of the BKM This study began with the hypothesis that community based organization with highervalue dimension of social capital and higher value of internal factors will has higher performance and role within society. Thus, the aim of the research is to describe, compare and analyse the performance and the role of BKM as a community based organization and factors that affect the performance and the role of BKM. These aims are breaked down into two research questions. Those are: “What kind of factors do influence the performance of BKM?” and to what extent do these factors influence the role of BKM?”. To answer those questions, this study combined quantitative and qualitative method for exploring the community perception in the direction of the role and the performance of BKM in two kelurahans, which received the program: Dalam Bugis kelurahan and Tanjung Hilir kelurahan. The quantitative method was used by applying some indicators to measure their influence towards the role of communitybased organization from the community perception. Those indicators were: social capital dimensions such as: group characteristics, trust, togetherness and volunteerism, and the internal factors that included: leaderships, internal democracy and transparency. The qualitative method was used to analyze the reason or perception from key persons toward some issues. The data collecting is carried out through questionnaires, interviews and secondary data. The main findings of the research identified that each indicator has a correlation with the outcome perception towards the role and the performance of BKM as a community base organization. Mostly of these indicators has a positive correlation with the outcome perception of the role community base organization. Only indicator volunteerism has a negative correlation. However, if the research employees all these indicators become one equation in a linier regression with dependent variable is outcome perception, only indicators leadership, internal democracy and togetherness have statistically significance in influence the role of this organization.

Kata Kunci : Social capital, Faktor internal, Organisasi berbasis masyarakat, social capital, community base organization, internal factors, community perception