Proses mediasi oleh perpolisian masyarakat dalam konflik di kawasan Malioboro

SAKTI, Dewi Emiliana, Samsu Rizal Panggabean, MS

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ketahanan Nasional

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat proses mediasi yang dilakukan oleh COP Malioboro dalam menangani konflik vertikal maupun horisontal di kawasan Malioboro. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses mediasi konflik oleh COP Malioboro dilakukan melalui pertemuan masyarakat dan melibatkan pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam konflik, baik vertikal antara komunitas lokal dan Pemerintah Kota dan Poltabes maupun horisontal di antara PKL, antara PKL dan juru parkir, dan antara mereka dan pengusaha toko. Pertemuan tersebut dihadiri hadir Pokja dan relawan COP, yang pada dasarnya terdiri dari anggota aktif semua paguyuban yang sudah berdiri di Malioboro, Pemkot, dan Poltabes. Selain itu, dapat diketahui pula bahwa proses mediasi yang dijalankan oleh mediator dalam COP Malioboro cenderung selalu didasarkan pada prinsip win-win solution—berusaha mencapai hasil yang sama-sama menguntungkan atau tidak terlalu merugikan pihak-pihak yang terlibat di dalam konflik. Akhirnya, persoalan yang dihadapi dalam mediasi itu cenderung dihadapi dengan pendekatan berbasis pemecahan-masalah (problem solving approach) dan mengedepankan partisipasi komunitas lokal karena sudah diasumsikan bahwa masalah ketertiban dan keamanan di kawasan Malioboro tidak dapat dilepaskan dari faktor-faktor sosial-ekonomi problematik masyarakat lokal di ruang publik Malioboro sendiri. Prinsip mediasi konflik yang diterapkan COP Malioboro adalah sebagai berikut: a) Mempertemukan pihak yang berkonflik dalam pertemuan masyarakat; b) Membangun komunitas lokal sebagai aktor utama; c) Menjadikan kepercayaan sosial sebagai modal utama; d) Mengembangkan kontrak sosial sebagai instrumen penopang resolusi konflik; e) Menjadikan keharmonisan sosial sebagai prioritas utama; dan f) Menjadikan tanpa-kekerasan sebagai prinsip penyelesaian konflik.

This study is to find out mediation process done by the COP of Malioboro in terms of handling vertical and horizontal conflicts in the area of. The study is a qualitative research with the technique of descriptive analysis. Result of the study indicates that the processes of conflict mediation by the COP of Malioboro was carried out through the meetings of society and involved parties in conflict, both vertical in nature between local community and Municipal Government and the Municipal Police (Poltabes) of Yogyakarta and horizontal in nature between informal traders, between them and parkers, and between them and store owners. The community-based meetings were usually attended by the Working Group and Volunteers of the COP of Malioboro, which were essentially consisted of active members of all associations previously established in the area of Malioboro, the Municipal Government, and the Municipal Police (Poltabes) of Yogyakarta. In addition, it can be known also that the processes of mediation by mediators of the COP of Malioboro have always tended to be based on a win-win solution principle, i.e. trying to reach results that are advantageous or not loss for parties involved in the conflicts. Finally, problems faced in the mediation tend to be dealt with by a problem solving-based approach and putting the participation of local communities first. It is due to the fact that the problems of order and security in the public space of Malioboro were actually inseparable from the problematic socio-economic factors of local society there. Moreover, the principles of conflict mediation previously applied by the COP of Malioboro were as follow: a) To facilitate parties involved in the conflicts through the community-based meetings; b) To put local communities first as main actors; c) To make social trust as a main capital; d) To develop social contract as the main instrument of supporting the conflict resolution; e) To determine social harmony as a main priority; and f) To make non-violence as the main principle of conflict settlement.

Kata Kunci : Perpolisian masyarakat,COP Malioboro,Mediasi,Manajemen konflik,Komunitas lokal,Partisipasi, Community Policing, the COP of Malioboro, Mediation, Conflict Management, Local Community, Participation