Sifat perekatan kayu kelapa dengan perlakuan pemanasan hydrothermal

ELMA, Prof. Dr. Ir. TA.Prayitno, M.F

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Penelitian mengenai pemanasan hydrothermal dalam kaitan dengan sifat perekatan kayu kelapa perlu dilakukan karena pemanasan hydrothermal dapat menurunkan kandungan ekstraktif dan pentosan serta menyebabkan terjadinya kolaps pada sel kayu. Penurunan kandungan ekstraktif dapat meningkatkan wettabilitas kayu. Kolaps dan penurunan karbohidrat pada jaringan parenkim berpeluang menyebabkan densifikasi pada daerah tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh interaksi antara suhu dan posisi radial terhadap sifat anatomi, wettabilitas, kekerasan dan keteguhan rekat kayu kelapa. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam rancangan Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) diatur dalam faktorial yang terbagi dalam 3 blok (Pangkal, Tengah dan Ujung). Perlakuan terdiri dari suhu (100, 125, 150, 175 dan 200 oC) dan posisi radial (dekat hati dan dekat kulit). Parameter yang diuji adalah proporsi tipe sel, Corrected Water Adsorption Height (CWAH), kekerasan dan keteguhan rekat kayu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh interaksi suhu dan posisi radial tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap proporsi sel serabut, pembuluh dan parenkim. Pengaruh faktor tunggal posisi radial berbeda nyata terhadap proporsi sel serabut dan sel parenkim (α = 0,05). Faktor tunggal suhu memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap CWAH. Interaksi suhu dan posisi radial memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap kekerasan dan keteguhan rekat kayu. Keteguhan rekat rata-rata pada perlakuan suhu pemanasan 200 oC dan posisi dekat hati mencapai nilai 0,21 kg/cm2, kemudian pada suhu 125 oC dan posisi dekat kulit mencapai nilai 87,36 kg/cm2.

A research on hydrothermally heating related to coconut wood adhesion properties need to be conducted because hydrothermal heating can decrease extractive content and pentosan as well as cause collaps occurrence to the wood cell. The decreasing extractive content can increase wood wettability. Collaps and carbohydrate decline in parenchyma tissue have opportunity to cause densification of that area. The objective of the research was to find out the interaction effect of heating temperature with radial position to the anatomical wood properties, wood wettability, wood hardness and bonding strength. The research was conducted in Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) arranged in factorial and comprissed of tree block (base,middle and end). The factor consisted of heating temperature (100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 oC) and radial position (near pitch and near bark). The parameters those examined were cell tipe proportion, Corrected Water Adsorption Height (CWAH), wood hardness and bonding strength. The result showed that interaction between heating temperature and radial position didn’t have significant effect to the fibre, vascular and parenchyma cell proportion. Radial position had significant single effect to the fibre and parenchyma cell proportion (α = 0,05). Heating temperature provided significant single effect to CWAH. The interaction of heating temperature with radial position gave a significant effect to the wood hardness and bonding strength. The factor of 200 oC heating temperature with near pitch position achieved average bonding strength about 0,21 kg/cm2, likewise for 125 oC heating temperature with near bark position achieved about 87,36 kg/cm2.

Kata Kunci : Hydrothermal,CWAH,Keteguhan rekat,Kayu kelapa, hydrothermal, coconut wood, bonding strength .