Tanggapan beberapa varietas dan aras ploidi bawang merah terhadap cekaman salinitas

PUTRI, Fiadini, Prof. Dr. Ir. Didik Indradewa

2008 | Tesis | S2 Agronomi

Penelitian dengan tujuan mengetahui respon cekaman salinitas terhadap pertmbuhan dan hasil beberapa varietas dan aras ploidi bawang merah telah dilakukan di Rumah Kaca Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian UGM pada bulan Agustus 2007- April 2008. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan sistem hidroponik dengan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap dengan empat blok sebagai ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah salinitas yaitu salin mencapai EC 8 dS/m dan non salin EC 1 dS/m. Faktor ke dua adalah beberapa varietas bawang merah diploid yaitu varietas Tiron, Biru, Crok, Bauji, Sumenep, Palu, Philip, Thailand dan WxB, bawang merah triploid AAA no.8 dan tetraploid c.126. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap stomata, variabel pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis sidik ragam, apabila ada beda nyata dilanjutkan dengan DMRT 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penanaman pada kondisi salin dengan EC 8 dS/m telah menurunkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah triploid AAA no.8, tetraploid c.126 dan beberapa varietas bawang merah diploid kecuali WxB. Besarnya ukuran sel pada aras triploid AAA no 8 dibandingkan diploid dan tetraploid c.126 tidak diikuti dengan kemampuan mempertahankan hasil yang lebih baik. Pada kondisi salin aras ploidi yang berbeda menunjukkan respon yang cenderung sama terhadap perlakuan salinitas dengan EC 8 dS/m pada pertumbuhan dan hasil.

A research intended to study the effect of salinity on several varieties and different ploidy level of shallot has been conducted at Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University green house from August 2007 to April 2008. Hydroponics system was used in experimental treatment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The first factor was saline condition with EC 8 dS/m and non saline condition EC 1 dS/m. The second factor was several varieties of diploid shallot with namely Tiron, Biru, Crok, Bauji, Sumenep, Palu, Philip, Thailand, WxB, triploid AAA no.8 and tetraploid c.126. The observation was done upon the stomata, growth variables and yield of shallot. The data obtained were analyzed with Analysis of Variance. If the were any difference among the treatment, then followed by DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) with 5 % level of significance. The result of study showed that salinity up to EC 8 dS/m decreased growth and yield of several variety of diploid shallot, triploid and tetraploid except WxB. The increased of cell size in triploid level AAA no.8 was not followed by the ability to maintain its a stable yield in saline stress. Different ploidy level showed similar response to salinity as mean as EC 8 dS/m on growth and yield of shallot.

Kata Kunci : bawang merah, salinitas, diploid, triploid, tetraploid, shallot, salinity, diploid, triploid, tetraploid