Sintesis gliserida dari asam laurat dan gliserol dalam pelarut isooktana dengan katalis lipase Candida rugosa

POERWANTO, Sriyono, Dr. Ir. Chusnul Hidayat

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan

Salah satu lipida terstruktur adalah asilgliserol yang mengandung asam lemak esensial dan asam lemak rantai pendek atau medium. Dalam penelitian ini dipelajari sintesis enzimatik gliserida rantai medium dari asam laurat dan gliserol menggunakan lipase Candida rugosa. Pengaruh berbagai parameter reaksi seperti konsentrasi enzim, waktu, suhu, penambahan molecular sieve, penambahan air, dan perbandingan molar substrat (mmol asam laurat/mmol gliserol) telah dipelajari. Kondisi terbaik untuk sintesis gliserida rantai medium dicapai pada jumlah lipase 80 mg, waktu 24 jam, suhu 37 oC, penambahan molecular sieve 0,1 mg, tanpa penambahan air, dan perbandingan molar substrat asam laurat/gliserol 3:1. Analisa produk reaksi menggunakan kromatografi gas menunjukkan bahwa lipase Candida rugosa dapat menghasilkan gliserida dengan komposisi persentase molar 15,55% monolaurin, 10,29% dilaurin, dan 1,41% trilaurin.

A structured lipid is acylglycerol containing essential fatty acid and short or medium chain. Enzymatic synthesis of medium chain glycerides from lauric acid and glycerol was studied using Candida rugosa lipase. The effect of various reaction parameters such as enzyme loading, time, temperature, molecular sieve, water adding, and molar ratio of substrate (mmol lauric acid/mmol glycerol) were evaluated. The best conditions for the synthesis of the medium chain glycerides were at temperature of 37 °C for 24 h. The lipase loading, molecular sieve adding, and molar ratio of substrate were 80 mg, 0.1 mg, and ratio of 3:1, respectively. The results show that Candida rugosa lipase can be used for glycerides synthesis with the molar percentage of monolaurin, dilaurin, and trilaurin are 15,55%, 10,29%, and 1,41%, respectively.

Kata Kunci : Lipase candida rugosa,Esterifikasi,Gliserol,Asam laurat,Isooktana,Candida rugosa lipase, esterification, glycerol, lauric acid, isooctane