Pengaruh penggunaan high quality feed supplement terhadap kecernaan nutrien dan kinerja produksi sapi perah awal laktasi

ASTUTI, Andriyani, Dr. Ir. Ali Agus, DAA., DEA

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan High Quality Feed Supplement (HQFS) pada ransum sapi perah awal laktasi terhadap kecernaan nutrien dan kinerja produksi. Dua belas ekor sapi perah PFH milik Koperasi Warga Mulya, Sleman dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari 4 ekor, yaitu kontrol (K), perlakuan substitusi (S), dan perlakuan suplementasi/aditif (A). Kelompok K ternak hanya mendapatkan pakan dari koperasi sedangkan S selain mendapatkan pakan dari koperasi juga mendapatkan pakan tambahan HQFS 300 g/liter/hari susu yang dihasilkan ternak tetapi konsentrat Warga Mulya dikurangi sebesar pemberian HQFS. Kelompok A mendapatkan pakan dari koperasi dan HQFS 300 g/liter/hari susu. Variabel yang diamati adalah konsumsi dan kecernaan pakan bahan kering (BK), protein kasar (PK), total digestible nutrient (TDN), bahan organik (BO), serat kasar (SK), lemak kasar (LK), dan bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN), nutrien tercerna yaitu BKT, BOT, SKT, LKT, dan BETNT, TDN, produksi susu dan komposisi susu (berat jenis, pH, kadar lemak, Total Solid, Solid non Fat, dan kadar Ca) serta berat badan ternak. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis variansi Rancangan Acak Lengkap Pola Searah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P<0,05) terhadap konsumsi BK, untuk K 14,32 kg, S 14,09 kg, dan A 17,44 kg, dan konsumsi PK, yaitu K 1,25 kg/ekor/hari, S 1,48, dan A 1,88 kg/ekor/hari. Konsumsi TDN (K:S:A) adalah (6,59: 6,78: 6,94) kg juga menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P<0,05), sedangkan kecernaan PK yaitu A (66,09%), S (59,77%), dan K (54,66%) dan BETN yaitu A (73,50%), S (73,11%), dan K (70,69%) berbeda nyata (P<0,05). Nutrien tercerna bahan organik dan serat kasar tidak menunjukkan perbedaan sedangkan nutrien tercerna bahan kering, protein kasar, lemak kasar, dan BETN berbeda nyata (P<0,05). TDN tidak menunjukkan perbedaan. Produksi susu perlakuan K menurun (12,25 vs 9,25) liter, S meningkat (11,13 vs 12,38) liter dan A meningkat (11,13 vs 13,13) liter, produksi minggu ke- 1 sampai ke-6 perlakuan K:11,80, S:11,86, A:12,61 liter dan setelah minggu ke-6 perlakuan K:10,87, S:12,14, A:13,09 liter serta produksi total perlakuan K:11,50, S:11,95, A:12,77 liter, sedangkan komposisi susu dan berat badan tiap perlakuan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan. Pemberian aditif High Quality Feed Supplement pada sapi perah PFH awal laktasi memberikan pengaruh terhadap peningkatan kecernaan protein dan produksi susu setelah 6 minggu serta dapat mempertahankan persistensi namun tidak merubah komposisi susu dan berat badan ternak.

The research was intended to know the effect of High Quality Feed Supplement (HQFS) in the ration of first lactation dairy cow on nutrient digestion and production performances. Twelve dairy cows of Friesian Holstein crossbred from the Cooperative of Warga Mulya, Sleman. They were divided into three groups of treatment, namely control (K), substitution treatment (S), and supplementation treatment (A). Each treatment consisted of four cows. Group K fed concentrate only from Warga Mulya, while group S beside concentrate from Warga Mulya, amount of HQFS 300 gram/liter of milk produced was offered, and concentrate was reduced as much as the additional feed of HQFS. Group A was offered by concentrate Warga Mulya plus HQFS additionally for 300 gram/liter of milk per day. Water was provided ad libitum. The variable measured were feed intake and digestion (dry matter (BK), crude protein (PK), total digestible nutrient (TDN), organic component (BO), crude fiber (SK), crude fat (LK), and nitrogenfree extract (BETN)), digestible nutrient, daily milk production, milk composition (density, pH, fat, Total Solid, and Solid non Fat) and body weight. All collected data were analyzed using Completely Randomized Design one way classification. Results showed that there were significant difference (P<0.05) on BK consumption (14.32:14.09:17.44) kg, PK consumption (1.25:1.48:1.88) kg/day, and TDN consumption (6.59:6.78:6.94) kg while the digestion of BK, BO, SK, and LK did not indicate any differences. The digestion of PK and BETN were significantly different (P<0.05), i.e. A (66.09%), S (59.77%), K (54.66%) and A (73.50%), S (73.11%), K (70.69%). The digestible nutrient of dry matter, crude protein, extract ether and BETN were significantly different (P<0.05). Digestible dry matter, digestible crude protein, digestible extract ether, and digestible nitrogen-free extract were, however, significantly different. TDN did not indicate any differences. The milk production of K decreased (from 12.25 to 9.25) liters, S increased (from 11.13 to 12.38) liters, and A increased (from 11.13 to 13.13) liters, the milk production of 1st until 6th weeks were K:11.80, S:11.86, A:12.61 liters and after the 6th week were K:10.87, S:12.14, A:13.09 liter and the total production were K:11.50, S:11.95, A:12.77 liters. On other hands, the milk composition and body weight between the treatment were neither significantly different. The conclusion was that the additive of High Quality Feed Supplement (HQFS) of first lactation dairy cow would increase the crude protein digestibility, and the milk production after the 6th week also kept the persistence of milk production, without changing the milk composition and cow bodyweight.

Kata Kunci : High quality feed supplement,Sapi perah,Kecernaan,Produksi, High Quality Feed Supplement, dairy cow, digestion, production