Studi perbandingan pengaturan kartel di Indonesia dan di Amerika Serikat

NURACHMAD, Much, Prof. Dr. Nindyo Pramono, S.H., M.S

2008 | Tesis | S2 Magister Hukum

Kartel merupakan salah satu perjanjian yang dilarang dalam UU Antimonopoli. Kartel ada tiga macam yaitu kartel penetapan harga, kartel pembagian wilayah pasar dan kartel penetapan produksi dan/atau distribusi. Dorongan untuk mendapat keuntungan sebesar-besarnya menyebabkan banyak pelaku usaha melakukan praktek kartel. Di Indonesia, kartel diatur dalam Pasal 5, Pasal 9, dan Pasal 11 UU Antimonopoli. Pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan UU Antimonopoli dilakukan oleh Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha.(KPPU). Dalam menjalankan tugasnya, KPPU dapat melakukan inisiatif melalui monitoring perilaku pelaku usaha maupun mendasarkan pada laporan masyarakat. Di Amerika Serikat, kartel diatur dalam Sherman Act. Untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif, maka diperlukan undang-undang lain yaitu The Federal Trade Commission Act, Clayton Act dan Robinson-Patman Act dimana keempat undang-undang diatas lebih dikenal dengan nama Antitrust Law. Di Amerika Serikat, pelaksana Antitrust Law adalah Federal Trade Commission, Antitrust Division of the Departement of Justice, dan Jaksa Agung masing-masing negara bagian. Sebagaimana di Indonesia, di Amerika Serikat pendekatan hukum untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan kartel adalah dengan per se rule dan rule of reason.

Cartel represent one of the agreement which is prohibited in Indonesian Competition Law. Three kinds of cartel are fixing price, divisions of territory, and arranging production and/or distribution. Motivation to get great advantage cause many business actor effort practice cartel. In Indonesia, cartel arranged at Section 5, Section 9, and Section 11 in Indonesian Competition Law. Observation to Indonesian Competition Law done by Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU). In running its duty, KPPU can do initiative through behavioral monitoring of business actor and also rely on society report. In United States, cartel arranged in Sherman Act. To get more understanding, hence needed by other code that are The Federal Trade Commission Act, Clayton Act and Robinson-Patman Act where is fourth of code above more knowledgeable by the name of Antitrust Law. In United States, Antitrust Law executor are Federal Trade Commission, Antitrust Division of the Departement of Justice, and Attorney General each part of state. As in Indonesia, in United States there are two approach to finish problems of cartel that named per se rule and rule of reason.

Kata Kunci : Kartel,Undang,undang antimonopoli,Antitrust law, Cartel, Indonesian Competition Law, Antitrust Law