Penerapan asas itikad baik dalam perjanjian kartu kredit di Kota Yogyakarta

LAELA, Fathul, Prof. Dr. Siti Ismijati Jenie, S.H., C.N

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Hukum

Penelitian Ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui tentang Bagaimanakah Penerapan Asas Itikad Baik dalam Pembuatan Perjanjian Kartu kredit antara Bank Penerbit dengan Nasabah, Bagaimanakah Penerapan Asas Itikad Baik dalam Pelaksanaan Perjanjian Kartu Kredit antara Bank Penerbit dengan Nasabah serta Bagaimanakah Penyelesaian terhadap Kartu Kredit yang macet Di Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yang bersifat yuridis normative didukung dengan penelitian empiris yaitu penelitian yang didasarkan pada penelitian kepustakaan yang meliputi asas-asas dan kaidah-kaidah yang terdapat didalam Undang - undang, yurisprudensi maupun doktrin dengan menggunakan studi dokumen untuk mendapatkan data sekunder. Untuk melengkapi data yang diperoleh dari penelitian kepustakaan guna mendapatkan data primer dilakukan penelitian lapangan dengan menyebar (70) tujuh puluh kuisioner kepada responden nasabah pemegang kartu kredit (card holder) serta kuisioner dan wawancara langsung terhadap Penerbit kartu (issuer Bank) terdiri dari (3) tiga Bank yaitu Bank Mandiri, Bank Danamon dan BNI cabang Kota Yogyakarta. Wawancara juga dilakukan terhadap Bank Indonesia cabang Yogyakarta serta terhadap (10) sepuluh pengusaha (merchant) yang menerima pembayaran dengan kartu kredit di Kota Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertama Penerapan Asas Itikad Baik dalam Pembuatan Perjanjian Kartu Kredit antara Bank Penerbit dengan Nasabah di kota Yogyakarta sudah diterapkan namun belum sepenuhnya dilaksanakan oleh kedua belah pihak. Pada fase pra kontrak, itikad baik subyektif dari para pihak kurang. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya responden memanipulasi data sedang dari Issuer Bank karena persaingan yang sangat ketat sehingga terlalu royal dalam memberikan kartu kredit dengan kurang memperhatikan 5 C (Character, Capacity, Calateral, Capital, Condition Of Economic), yang disinyalir sebagai penyebab kredit macet. Kedua Penerapan Asas Itikad Baik Dalam Pelaksanaan Perjanjian Kartu Kredit antara Bank Penerbit dengan Nasabah di Kota Yogyakarta belum sepenuhnya dilakukan oleh para pihak, hal ini dibuktikan didalam survey adanya nasabah responden yang berpendapat tidak perlu begitu memikirkan besarnya tagihan yang nantinya akan timbul dari transaksi kartu kredit mereka. Hal lain berdasarkan hasil pendataan Bank Indonesia bahwa komplain terbesar yang masuk ke media cetak menyangkut kartu kredit akibat tagihan yang membengkak dan macet serta kesulitan nasabah dalam menutup kartu kredit. Data Bank Indonesia menunjukkan angka NPLs kartu kredit untuk tahun 2008 mencapai diatas 5 % (prosen). Ketiga terhadap kredit yang macet penyelesaiannya pertama nasabah disomasi sampai (3) tiga kali, selanjutnya opsi yang diberikan oleh Bank kepada penunggak yaitu dengan penghapusan bunga dan hanya membayar hutang pokok dengan cara mencicil serta disediakan sarana mediasi oleh Bank Indonesia.

This research is aimed to know how the good faith principle was implemented in credit card agreement between issuer banks and their customers; How the formation of good faith principle was implemented in the implementation in credit card agreement between issuer banks and their customers, and how the problems of non-performing credit cards were settled in Yogyakarta Municipality. Juridical normative approach was used in this research and it was supported by empirical study, i.e. it is a study based on literature reviews involving principles and standards available in the laws, jurisprudences and doctrines through documentation study for obtaining secondary data. To support primary data from library research, a field study was conducted by distributing seventy (70) questionnaires among customers who held credit card and direct interviews with issuer banks, which are Bank Mandiri, Bank Danamon and BNI Yogyakarta Branch. Interviews were also conducted with Bank Indonesia of Yogyakarta branch and ten (10) merchants who received credit card payment in Yogyakarta Municipality. The result indicated that, first, the good faith principle in the formation of credit card agreement between the issuer banks and their customers in Yogyakarta municipality had not been fully implemented yet. During pre-contract stage, the subjective good faith of the parties was considered as less. This is evident in respondents who manipulated the data and the fact that the issuer banks, due to tight competition, were too profligate in issuing credit cards and put less emphasis on 5 Cs (Character, Capacity, Collateral, Capital, Condition of Economic), and this was considered as the cause of non-performing loans credits. Secondly, the good faith principle in credit card agreement between issuer banks and their customers in Yogyakarta municipality had not been fully implemented yet by the parties. This is evident in the survey indicating that some respondent felt that it was not necessary for them to consider the total bill that would be brought about by the use for the credit card. In addition, the data from Bank Indonesia indicated that the greatest complaint concerning credit cards in printed media was related to credit dispute and customer difficulty in credit card settlement. The data from Bank Indonesia stated that the 2008 credit NPLs rate of credit card was above 5% (five percent). Third, for the customers of NPLs credit cards, three time summation wold be sent. Next option is that the banks offered to arrears an interest write-off; the customers should only pay the principal on installments and the mechanism of mediation was provided by Bank Indonesia.

Kata Kunci : Itikad baik,Perjanjian,Kartu kredit, Good Faith, Agreement, Credit Card