Pengaruh pemberian makanan dini pada pasien pasca seksio sesarea dengan anestesia umum terhadap gangguan gastrointestinal

SAMODRA, Budhi, dr. H. Burham Warsito, Sp.OG(K)

2008 | Tesis | S2 PPDS I - Ostetri dan Ginekologi

Latar belakang: pola makan pasca operasi seksio sesarea dengan anestesia umu masih kontroversial. Pengaruh pemberian makanan dini atau makanan tunda terhadap kejadian mual,muntah dan kembung masih diperdebatkan. Tujuan: penelitian dilakukan untuk membandingkan kejadian gangguan gastrointestinal yaitu mual, muntah dan kembung akibat pemberian makanan dini dibandingkan makanan tunda, pasca operasi seksio sesarea dengan anestesia umum. Rancangan penelitian: uji acak terkendali Cara penelitian: penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Wonosobo, Banjarnegara dan Pati pada periode bulan Oktober 2007 sampai dengan Januari 2008. Sejumlah 108 wanita yang menjalani seksio sesarea dengan anestesia umum serta memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi diikutsertakan dalam penelitian. Subyek penelitian secara acak dibagi menjadi kelompok makanan dini (perlakuan) dan tunda (kontrol). Luaran utama adalah kejadian mual, muntah dan kembung. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah student tes dan chi square. Hasil: kejadian mual, muntah dan kembung pada kelompok perlakuan vs kontrol berturut 42,2% vs 57,8% dan 45% vs 55%. Simpulan: pemberian makanan dini dan tunda pasca seksio sesarea mencegah kejadian mualmuntah dan kembung

Background: Dietary management after cesarean section under general anesthesia concerning early or delayed feeding is still controversy. Its effect on gastrointestinal symptoms, such as meteorismus, nausea and vomiting is still debatable. Objective: This study was carried out to compare early with delayed feeding after cesarean section under general anesthesia in terms of gastrointestinal symptoms, such as meteorismus, nausea, and vomiting. Study design: Randomized control trial Methods: The study was undertaken at Pati, Wonosobo, and Banjarnegara hospitals during the period of October 2007 to January 2008. A total of 104 women undergoing major cesarean section under general anesthesia and meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. They were randomly allocated to early (exposed) and delayed feeding (control) groups after bowel sound were detected. Nausea, vomiting, and meteorismus were main outcomes. Student-t, chisquare tests are used for statistical analysis in this study Results: The occurrence of nausea and vomiting in the exposed vs in the control groups were 42.2% vs 57.8 % respectively. The occurrence of meteorismus in the exposed vs in the control groups were 45.0% vs 55.0 % respectively The relative risk for nausea was 0,73 (95% CI 0,46 – 1,15) and for vomiting was 0,81 (95% CI 0,49 – 1,34). Conclusion: Early compared with delayed feeding after cesarean section do not increase the ocurrence of, nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension but these are influence by duration of operation.

Kata Kunci : Makan dini,Makan tunda,Mual muntah,Kembung,Seksio sesarea, early and delayed feeding, nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension