Penggunaan magnet terhadap peningkatan retensi gigi tiruan lengkap overdenture rahang bawag

KADARMANTA, Dodok, drg. Endang Wahyuningtyas, MS, Sp Pros (K)

2008 | Tesis | S2 PPDGS I - Prostodonsia

Alveolaris ridge rahang bawah yang sempit dan rendah menyebabkan kesulitan dalam pembuatan dan pemakaian gigi tiruan lengkap rahang bawah, karena itu perlu dicari alternatif agar gigi tiruan lengkap rahang bawah dapat berfungsi dengan baik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penggunaan magnet terhadap peningkatan retensi pada gigi tiruan lengkap overdenture rahang bawah. Laporan kasus dilakukan pada seorang laki-laki umur 61 tahun dengan prosesus alveolaris sempit dan rendah, gigi yang masih ada 13 23 33 43. Kondisi gigi dalam keadaan ekstrusi sehingga untuk mempertahankan alveolar ridge dilakukan perawatan saluran akar kemudian dijadikan penyangga overdenture dengan tipe base-root pada gigi 13 23 33 43. Untuk meningkatkan retensi dan stabilisasi overdenture dipasang alat retensi magnit pada gigi abutment pada akar gigi. Gigi penyangga 33 43 diberi alat bantu retensi mekanik. Kontrol dilakukan 1 bulan 2 bulan dan 3 bulan setelah insersi disertai dengan pengukuran retensi menggunakan alat tarik vertikal modifikasi Van Kampen. Pengukuran retensi gigi tiruan lengkap rahang bawah dilakukan sebelum pemasangan magnet dan setelah pemasangan magnet satu minggu, satu bulan, dua bulan dan tiga bulan. Hasil pengukuran setelah satu minggu, satu bulan, dua bulan dan tiga bulan setelah insersi menunjukkan peningkatan retensi gigi tiruan lengkap rahang bawah dibandingkan sebelum pemasangan magnet. Kesimpulan: Penggunaan magnet meningkatkan retensi gigi tiruan lengkap overdenture rahang bawah.

A severe and atrophy alveolar ridge will result in difficulties in the construction and the daily usage of mandibular full denture therefore it is necessary to find an alternative technique in order to reach ideal function of mandibular over denture. The aim of this study was to find out the usage of magnet in increasing the retention of mandibular over denture. A case report of a 61 years old male patient showed the presence of sharp and narrow processus alveolaris with remaining teeth of 13, 23, 33 and 43. All teeth were extruded therefore to maintain ideal alveolar ridge condition root canal treatments were carried out to make them available for base-root abutment type. In order to increase the retention and stabilization of over denture magnetic retention were applied to abutment teeth on remaining roots. The mechanic retentions were applied on abutment teeth of 33 and 34. Control visits measuring the retention using vertical shear Van Kampen modification. They underwent three times within one week were, one month, two months and three months after the insertion. The measurement of mandibular over denture retentions were carried out before, one week, one month, two months and three months after the placement of magnetic retention. The results showed that there were increased in mandibular over denture retention one week, one month, two months and three months after the insertion compare to the retention before application of magnetic retention. In conclusion, the usage of magnet increases mandibular over denture retention.

Kata Kunci : Overdenture,Retensi magnet, over denture, magnetic retention