Persepsi petugas rumah sakit tentang TB paru dan perilaku pencegahan TB paru di RSUD Muara Bungo

INDRA. S, dr. Adi Utarini, MPH., M.Sc., Ph.D

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: TB paru merupakan penyakit menular yang menyebabkan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang tinggi di berbagai negara di dunia. Indonesia merupakan negara dengan jumlah penderita TB paru terbanyak ke-3 setelah India dan China. Banyaknya kasus TB paru di RSUD Muara Bungo baik rawat jalan maupun rawat inap memungkinkan bagi petugas RS untuk tertular penyakit-penyakit infeksi salah satunya adalah TB paru. Oleh karena itu perlu diketahui persepsi petugas RSUD Muara Bungo tentang perilaku pencegahan penyakit TB paru. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui persepsi petugas RS tentang TB paru terhadap perilaku pencegahan TB paru di RSUD Muara Bungo. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di RSUD Muara Bungo pada seluruh petugas RS yang berisiko tertular penyakit TB paru dengan sampel yaitu total populasi sebanyak 85 orang. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner dan check-list, cara pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan observasi. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat secara deskriptif, bivariat menggunakan Chi-square dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa responden memiliki persepsi yang tinggi terhadap kerentanan (61,2%), kegawatan (50,6%), kekuatan diri (68,2%) dan memiliki persepsi yang baik terhadap respon efektif (62,4%) serta memiliki perilaku pencegahan TB paru yang baik (58,8%). Pengaruh bersama variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen secara statistik menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh variabel independen kerentanan (p=0,003, RR=4,313) dan respon efektif (p=0,028, RR=2,971). Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara persepsi petugas rumah sakit tentang kerentanan TB paru dan respon efektif TB paru terhadap perilaku pencegahan TB paru di RSUD Muara Bungo.

Background: Lung TB is an infectious disease that causes high mortality and morbidity in some countries of the world. Indonesia is a country that has the third greatest number of TB patients after India and China. Numerous cases of lung TB at Muara Bungo Local Hospital, either inpatient or outpatient, are likely to cause hospital staff get infected by infectious disease such as lung TB. Therefore it is necessary to identify the perception of Muara Bungo Hospital staff about the behavior of lung TB disease prevention. Objective: To identify the perception of hospital staff about behavior of lung TB disease prevention. Method: The study was observational and used cross sectional design. It was carried out at Muara Bungo Local Hospital to all hospital staff who had risk for lung TB infection. There were 85 samples (total population). Instruments of the study consisted of questionnaire and checklist. Data were obtained from interview and observation and analyzed using univariable analysis descriptively, bivariable with chi square and multivariable with logistic regression. Result: The result of the study showed that respondents had high perception about susceptibility (61.2%), emergency (50.6%), personal power (68.2%) and had good perception about effective response (62.4%) and good behavior of lung TB prevention (58.8%). Collective independent variables of susceptibility (p=0.003, OR=4.131) and effective response (p=0.028, OR=2.971) statistically affected dependent variable of behavior in lung TB prevention. Conclusion: There was relationship between perception of hospital staff about susceptibility of lung TB and effective response of lung TB and behavior in the prevention of lung TB at Muara Bungo Local Hospital.

Kata Kunci : Persepsi,Perilaku,Pencegahan TB paru,perception, behavior, lung TB