Evaluasi pelaksanaan program revitalisasi posyandu tahun 2006 dan 2007 di Kabupaten Luwu Utara Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan
ASMIATI, dr. Andung Prihadi Santoso, M.Kes
2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan MasyarakatLatar belakang : Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) Indonesia menempati peringkat 111 dari 177 negara (UNDP 2004). Rendahnya IPM di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh rendahnya status gizi dan kesehatan penduduk. Program posyandu merupakan upaya strategi dengan tujuan jangka panjang untuk menurunkan angka kematian bayi, angka kematian ibu dan angka kelahiran. Posyandu di Kabupaten Luwu Utara strata Purnama dan Mandiri berjumlah 25 posyandu dari 293 posyandu atau sekitar 8,53%. Pemerintah Kabupaten Luwu Utara telah melaksanakan program revitalisasi posyandu yang dianggarkan dalam APBD, tetapi strata posyandu masih rendah. Tujuan Penelitian : Mengevaluasi pelaksanaan program revitalisasi posyandu di Kabupaten Luwu Utara Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Metode Penelitian : Merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data primer diperoleh dari wawancara, DKT dan observasi pada pelaksana program, kader dan posyandu. Informan penelitian ini adalah pelaksana program di puskesmas dan unit kerja terkait serta kader. Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Analisis menggunakan constant comparative análysis. Hasil dan pembahasan : Keaktifan kader meningkat dengan adanya insentif yang diberikan, tetapi pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader masih rendah. Insentif diberikan secara merata tidak selektif dan tidak sesuai dengan porsi kerja. Pembinaan dan pelatihan kader belum dilaksanakan secara maksimal karena hanya bersifat insidentil, tidak terjadwal, dan tidak bertahap. Koordinasi diantara pelaksana program yang tergabung dalam organisasi pokjanal lemah, sehingga pelaksanaan program tidak terpantau secara keseluruhan. Program revitalisasi meningkatkan dukungan kepala desa untuk bangunan posyandu. Namur, minat masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan posyandu masih rendah, D/S kurang dari 50%. Kegiatan penyuluhan di posyandu hampir tidak pernah dilaksanakan baik oleh kader maupun petugas kesehatan, dan sarana penyuluhan pun sangat minim. Kesimpulan : Keaktifan kader meningkat, tetapi keterampilan kader masih rendah. Kualitas pembinaan kurang, bersifat insidentil, tidak terjadwal. Perhatian pemerintah desa meningkat dengan membangun sarana posyandu. Partisipasi masyarakat memanfaatkan posyandu masih rendah.
Background: Human Development Index (HDI) of Indonesia is in 111th rank of 177 countries (UNDP 2004). The low HDI of Indonesia is influenced by low nutrition and health status of the population. The program of integrated service post is a strategy of long term objective to minimize infant mortality, maternal mortality and birth rate. Integrated service post at District of Luwu Utara Purnama and Mandiri level consisted of 25 posts or about 8.53% out of 293 posts. The district government of Luwu Utara has been implemented the program of integrated service post revitalization financed through local revenue and expenditure budget; however the level of integrated service post stratification is still relatively low. Objective: To evaluate the implementation of integrated service post revitalization program at District of Luwu Utara, Province of Sulawesi Selatan, 2006 – 2007. Method: The study was qualitative with case study design. Primary data were obtained through interview, focus group discussion and observation of program operational staff, cadres and integrated service post staff. Informen of the study were operational staff of the program who work at the community health center and related units as well as cadres. Data validity was made using source and method triangulation and analysis used constant comparative analysis. Result and Discussion: Activity of cadres increased with the provision of incentive, however knowledge and skills of cadres were low. Incentive was given equally, not selectively and irrelevant with the workload. Supervision and training of cadres had not been implemented well, only irregularly, unplanned and unscheduled yet. Coordination was weak among program managers as members of national steering committee so that the monitoring of the program implementation was not done comprehensively. Revitalization program increased support of heads of villages for the development of integrated service post. However, the community still had low interest in the utilization of integrated service post (less than 50% of target). Socialization activities at integrated service post were rarely done either by the cadres or health staff and some facilities for socialization were minimum. Conclusion: Activity of cadres increased, however skills of cadres were still relatively low. Supervision quality was low, it done irregularly and still unplanned. Village leaders had paid more attention to the program through the establishment of facilities for improving services of integrated service post. The community had low participation in the utilization of integrated service post.
Kata Kunci : evaluasi, revitalisasi posyandu, kader, evaluation, revitalization of integrated service post, cadres
