Pengembangan Sistem Pelaporan Cepat PWS Kejadian Luar Biasa Berbasis SMS di Kabupaten Banjar Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan

NOOR, Maulidin, dr. Hari Purnomo K., DrPH

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) penyakit menular masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat, KLB penyakit akan memperbesar peningkatkan angka kesakitan dan kematian , disamping juga berdampak pada pariwisata, ekonomi dan sosial. Salah satu sistem pelaporan surveilans yang digunakan di puskesmas untuk kewaspadaan dini penyakit adalah format laporan pemantauan wilayah setempat kejadian luar biasa, Kabupaten Banjar dengan jumlah desa 288, 16 kecamatan dan 23 buah puskesmas pengiriman laporan masih bermasalah, terutama untuk ketepatan dan kelengkapannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan bagaimana agar pelaporan PWS KLB di Kabupaten Banjar tepat waktu serta terjamin kelengkapannya,sehingga dapat digunakan untuk sistem kewaspadaan dini kejadian luar biasa penyakit. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriftif-kualitatif melalui pendekatan action research, unit analisis adalah pengelola program surveilans puskesmas, petugas fungsional epidemiologi kabupaten, Kasubdin P2M dan Kasi surveilans, informasi didapatkan melalui telaah dokumen, pengamatan, dan wawancara, informasi dianalisis dengan teknik kualitatif menurut tahapan action research. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dengan sistem pelaporan manual yang selama ini dipakai di puskesmas, maka tingkat kelengkapan laporan dan ketepatan waktu penyampaian laporan ke dinas kesehatan kabupaten masih bermasalah (di bawah target). Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem pelaporan berbasis SMS dapat meningkatkan mutu dan kualitas laporan, ketepatan waktu, kelengkapan laporan, efisiensi biaya dan keamanan data akan lebih terjamin dan juga dapat memberikan kemudahan bagi pengguna di puskesmas dan dinas kesehatan kabupaten.

Infectious disease outbreaks have become a public health concern in Indonesia. Furthermore, disease outbreaks arouse the increasing of national morbidity and mortality rates, also bring the impacts to social, economic, and tourism sectors. As the early warning to diseases, health centers apply a surveillance reporting system including reporting format for local monitoring system to the outbreaks. Nevertheless, the implementation of the system in several districts found some barriers which affect to quality of the outputs. In Banjar District, one of districts in South Borneo Province which has 288 villages, 16 sub districts, and 23 health centers, the report delivery from health centers was not timely. Thus, this problem affected to the reports’ accuracy and completeness. The purpose of this study was to find out the solution in order the local area monitoring report of disease outbreaks be accurate and timely so that it could be used for early warning system of disease outbreak. This was a descriptive-qualitative study. The analysis unit consisted of health center surveillance program officer, district epidemiology officer, head division of Infectious Disease Eradication, and Program Manager of surveillance. The data were collected through document review, observation, and interview. An action research procedure was used and qualitativel data analysis was applied. The study found that the manual reporting system in health centers was related to the reports in accuracy and timeliness in delivering data to District Health Office. The SMS-based reporting system was considered to be able to improve the report’s quality, timeliness and completeness, cost efficiency, and to guarantee the data security. In addition, this system was also easy to use by the users in health centers as well as in the district health office.

Kata Kunci : PWS KLB,Pelaporan Cepat,SMS, outbreak, quick reporting, SMS