Hubungan Asupan Zat Gizi dan Status Gizi dengan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Penyakit Ginjal Kronik Yang Menjalani Hemodialisis di RSUD Dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu

NUR, Edy, dr. Bambang Jarwoto, SpPD

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang : Kurang asupan zat gizi dan rendahnya status gizi merupakan hal yang banyak terjadi di antara penderita penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK) yang menjalani terapi perawatan hemodialisis (HD) rutin, sehingga kualitas hidup rendah yang akhirnya merupakan prediktor penting untuk morbiditas dan mortalitas. Tujuan Penelitian : untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan zat gizi dan status gizi dengan kualitas hidup penderita PGK dengan HD rutin di RSUD Dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu Metode Penelitian :Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 55 orang. Pemilihan sampel secara purposive sampling. Data asupan zat gizi dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara dan food record. Data status gizi diperoleh dengan pengukuran antropometri dan pemeriksaan darah di laboratorium. Kualitas hidup subjek dinilai berdasarkan pertanyaan-pertanyaan dalam kuesioner KDQOL-SF 36 Versi 1.3. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan zat gizi, yaitu energi dan protein dan status gizi berdasarkan lingkar lengan atas (LLA) dengan kualitas hidup penderita PGK dengan HD rutin (p<0,05). Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna status gizi berdasarkan IMT, albumin serum, kolesterol dan SGA dengan kualitas hidup penderita PGK dengan HD rutin (p>0,05). Analisis stratifikasi menunjukkan LLA merupakan efek modifier pada asupan protein terhadap kualitas hidup penderita PGK dengan HD rutin. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan 2 variabel independen sebagai faktor dominan secara statistik dan secara klinis terhadap kualitas hidup penderita PGK dengan HD rutin, yaitu asupan protein dan LLA. Kesimpulan : Interaksi antara LLA dengan asupan zat gizi, yaitu energi dan protein merupakan faktor risiko terhadap kualitas hidup penderita PGK dengan HD rutin di RSUD Dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu.

Background: Low nutrient intake and nutrient status are common among patients of chronic renal disease with long term hemodialysis therapy so that low quality of life finally becomes an important predictor for morbidity and mortality. Objective: To identify the association between nutrient intake and nutrition status and quality of life of chronic renal disease patients with hemodialysis at dr. M. Yunus Hospital of Bengkulu. Method: The study was observational with cross sectional design. There were as many as 55 samples purposively chosen. Data of nutrient intake were obtained from interview and food recall. Data of nutrition status were obtained through anthropometric measurement and blood examination at the laboratory. Data of quality of life of the subject were assessed based on questions in questionnaire KDQOL-SF 36 version 1.3. Result: The result of the study showed that there was significant relationship between nutrient intake, i.e. energy and protein and nutrition status based on arm circumference and quality of life of chronic renal patients with routine hemodialysis (p<0.05). There was no significant relationship between nutrition status based on body mass index, albumin serum, cholesterol and subjective global assessment and quality of life of chronic renal patients with routine hemodialysis (p>0.05). The result of stratification analysis showed that arm circumference was a modifier effect of protein intake to quality of life of chronic renal patients with routine hemodialysis. The result of multivariable analysis showed that intake of protein and arm circumference were 2 independent variables as dominant factors that were statistically and clinically related to quality of life of chronic renal patients with routine hemodialysis. Conclusion: Interaction between arm circumference and nutrient intake of energy and protein was risk factor of quality of life of chronic renal patients with routine hemodialysis at Dr. M. Yunus Hospital of Bengkulu.

Kata Kunci : Asupan Zat Gizi,Status Gizi,Penyakit Ginjal Kronik,Kualitas Hidup, nutrient intake, nutrition status, quality of life, chronic renal disease