Kinerja Tenaga Pelaksana Gizi Puskesmas Hubungannya denga Efektifitas Program Makanan Pendamping Air Susu Ibu (MP-ASI) pada Anak Bawah Dua Tahun (BADUTA) Dengan Gizi Buruk D Kabupaten Karimun Propinsi Kepulauan Riau
HAZWIN, Toto Sudargo, SKM, M.Kes
2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan MasyarakatLatar Belakang: Program MP-ASI merupakan salah satu program yang dilaksanakan di puskesmas yang bertujuan memperbaiki gizi masyarakat yang menjadi tugas TPG puskesmas. Terjadinya kasus efek samping MP-ASI yang dimungkinkan karena cara penyimpanan dan pemberian yang salah dan kurang baik merupakan kinerja dari TPG puskesmas. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja dengan kinerja tenaga pelaksana gizi puskesmas terhadap efektivitas program MP-ASI pada anak baduta gakin dengan gizi buruk. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan rancangan penelitian kohort terhadap anak baduta gakin dengan gizi buruk yang menerima MP-ASI. Adapun metode kualitatif dan analisis deskriptif untuk mengetahui sistem distribusi MP-ASI dengan cara wawancara mendalam menggunakan kuesioner jawaban terbuka. Lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Karimun. Unit analisis Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Karimun. Subjek penelitian 9 orang TPG puskesmas dan 15 Anak Baduta dengan gizi buruk. Analisis data sistem distribusi MP-ASI secara deskriptif. Hasil: Program MP-ASI selama 3 bulan yang diberikan kepada anak baduta gakin dengan gizi buruk tidak berhasil meningkatkan status gizi anak baduta dari gizi buruk ke gizi baik. Kinerja tenaga pelaksana gizi puskesmas terhadap efektifitas program MP-ASI pada anak baduta gakin dengan gizi buruk adalah rendah, antara lain dalam penentuan usia sasaran, penentuan besar porsi MP-ASI dan dalam penyiapan MP-ASI. Distribusi MP-ASI di Dinas Kesehatan dan di puskesmas belum sesuai dengan pedoman pendistribusian dan pengelolaan MP-ASI, antara lain dalam penetapan sasaran, penjelasan penyiapan MP-ASI dan pemantauan distribusi MP-ASI dilapangan. Kesimpulan: Program MP-ASI tidak efektif meningkatkan status gizi anak baduta dari gizi buruk ke gizi baik. Kinerja tenaga pelaksana gizi puskesmas terhadap efektifitas program MP-ASI adalah rendah. Sistem pendistribusian dan pengelolaan MP-ASI di Dinas Kesehatan dan di puskesmas belum berjalan dengan baik.
Background: Complementary breastfeeding program is a program implemented at health centers which is meant to improve nutrition status of the community and this is a duty of nutrition staff at health centers. The prevalence of cases of complementary breastfeeding side effects may be due to inappropriate storage and supply as performance of nutrition staff of health centers. Objective: To identify the relationship between factors affecting performance and the performance of nutrition staff of health centers toward effectiveness of complementary breastfeeding program among children under two years from poor families with poor nutrition. Method: The study was observational with cohort design, applied to children under two years from poor families with poor nutrition who got complementary breastfeeding. Qualitative method and descriptive analysis were used to identify the distribution system of complementary breastfeeding through indepth interview using questionnaires with open questions. Location of the study was District of Karimun and the analysis unit was District Health Office of Karimun. Subject of the study consisted of 9 nutrition staff of health center and 15 malnourished children under two. Data analysis of complementary breastfeeding distribution system was done descriptively. Result: The program of complementary breastfeeding which had been implemented for 3 months to malnourished children under two years did not improve nutrition status from malnourished to good nutrition status. The performance of nutrition staff at the health center in the program of complementary breastfeeding was low in the specification of target age, the amount of complementary breastfeeding portion and in the preparation of complementary breastfeeding. The distribution of complementary breastfeeding at the health office and health center did not comply to complementary breastfeeding distribution and management guidelines, such as in aspects of target specification, complementary breastfeeding preparation information, and monitoring of complementary breastfeeding distribution. Conclusion: The program of complementary breastfeeding was ineffective in improving nutrition status of children under two years from malnourished to good nutrition status. The performance of nutrition staff at the health center in complementary breastfeeding program was low. Complementary breastfeeding distribution and management system at the health office and health center at District of Karimun had not run well.
Kata Kunci : Tenaga Pelaksana Gizi,Puskesmas,Effektifitas,Program Makanan Pendamping Air Susu,Anak Usia Dua Tahun,Gizi Buruk, nutrition staff, performance, complementary breastfeeding, children under two, malnutrition
