Motivasi tinggal masyarakat di sekitar tempat pembuangan akhir sampah hubungannya dengan sikap masyarakat terhadap kesehatan lingkungan :: Stusi kasus di sekitar tempat pembuangan akhir sampah Putri Cempo Kota Surakarta

KAMARINA, Woro, Prof. Dr. Sudarmadji, M.Eng.Sc

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan

Motivasi masyarakat untuk tinggal di sekitar TP AS didorong oleh motif yaitu terpenuhinya kebutuhan rumah tangga dan pekerjaan dengan penghasilan yang tetap. Tempat tinggal yang tidak layak huni di daerah dekat tempat pembuangan sampah, serta kebersihan dan kesehatan lingkungan yang tidak terjamin, si.kap yang rendah terhadap kesehatan lingkungan, dapat menurunkan kualitas kesehatan masyamkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : (1) Mengeksplorasi motivasi tinggal masyarakat disekitar TP AS, (2) Mengetahui sikap masyarakat sekitar TP AS terhadap kesehatan lingkungan, (3) Menganalisis hubungan motivasi tinggal masyarakat di sekitar TP AS dengan sikap masyarakat terhadap kesehatan lingkungan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan studi kasus. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif, dengan subyek penelitian 103 kepala keluarga yang tinggal di Kampung Jatirejo dan Kampung Randusari Kelurahan Mojosongo Kota Surakarta. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode kuesioner dengan menggunakan dua macam skala yaitu skala motivasi untuk mengetahui motivasi tinggal masyarakat di sekitar TP AS dan skala sikap untuk mengetahui si.kap masyarakat sekitar TP AS terhadap kesehatan lingkungan. Teknik analisis regresi digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara motivasi tinggal masyarakat disekitar TP A dengan sikap masyarakat terhadap kesehatan lingkungan. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa motivasi tinggal masyarakat di seldtar TP AS berada pada kategori tinggi (means hlpotetik leblh rendah darl means empirik (62,5<65,92)) dan terutama karena faktor ekonomi (71,531 %). Sikap masyarakat di sekitar TP AS terhadap kesehatan lingkungan adalah sangat rendah (Z = -7,418). Hasil analisis korelasi diperoleh koefisien korelasi (rxy) motivasi tinggal sebesar -0,532, p<0,05, dan lama tinggal rxy = -0,374, p<0,05. Korelasi parsial antara motivasi tinggal terhadap sikap kesehatan lingkungan dikontroVdikendalikan oleh lama tinggal diperoleh f xt-2 = -0,486, p<0,05. Dari analisis regresi berganda didapat motivasi tinggal (koef, regresi -0,236, t- -5,636) dan lama tinggal (koef, regresi -0,046, t = -3,049) berkorelasi negatif dengan sikap masyarakat terhadap kesehatan lingkungan. (R = 0,585, p<0,05). Semakin tinggi motivasi tinggal dan semakin lama tinggal masyarakat di sekitar TP AS sikap masyarakat terhadap kesehatan lingkungan semakin menurun. Hasil R2 = 0,343 menunjukkan bahwa motivasi tinggal dan lama tinggal masyarakat di sekitar TP AS secara bersama mampu menjelaskan variasi dari variabel sikap masyarakat terhadap kesehatan lingkungan sebesar 34,3% dan sisanya 65,7% dari variabel lain. Motivasi tinggal memberikan kontribusi sebesar 28,316%, lama tinggal ~~ S.936% , kQntribYSi ini m-Mnya ne~mif, artin)'a menurnnkan sikap masyarakat terhadap kesehatan lingkungan. Kata kunci : Motivasi, sikap, kesehatan lingkungan

Background: Community's motivation to live in surrounding area of solid waste dumping site is supported by motivation to fulfill of household need and certain income. To live inappropriate inhabitant close the waste dumping site, insufficient environmental health, the less attitude toward environmental health could decrease the quality of public health. Objective: This research was aimed to (1) find out the motivation of community's living in surrounding area of Solid Waste Dumping Site (SWDS), (2) fmd out community's attitude in surrounding area SWDS toward environmental health, (3) Analize the relationship between motivation to live in community surrounding area SWDS to community's attitude toward environmental health. Method: This was a descriptive research with case study design. It was a quantitative and qualitative research with subject of 103 head of famjlies who live in Jatirejo and Randusari village, Mojosongo subdistrict, Surakarta city. The method being used was questionnaire with two kinds of scales that was motivation scale in order to find out the motivation of community to live in surrounding area of SWDS and attitude scale in order to find out the attitude of community who live in surrounding area of SWDS toward environmental health. The technical analysis of regression was implemented in order to examine the relationship between motivations of community to live in surrounding area of SWDS with community's attitude toward environmental health. Result: The motivation of community to live in surrounding area of SWDS was in high category (the hypothetic means was lower than empiric means (62,5<65,92) and especially because of economic factor (71,531%). CommunitY's attitude in surrounding ares of SWDS toward environmental health was very low (Z = -7,419). The result of correlation analysis obtained that the correlation coefficient (rxy) of motivation to live was -0,532, p<0,05, and the length of stay was rxy= -0,374, p < 0,05. The partial correlation between high motivation toward attitude of environmental health with length of stay controlled was obtained rx1•2 = -0,486, p < 0,05. Based on the analysis of multiple regression, it was obtained that motivation to live (coeff, regression -0,236, t = -5636) and length of stay (coeff, regression -0,046, t = -3,049) had negative correlation to community's attitude toward environmental health (R = 0,585, p < 0,05). The higher motivation to live and the longer time to stay of community who live in surrounding area SWDS created community's attitude toward environmental health was lower. The result of R2 = 0,343 showed that motivation to live and length of stay for community in surrounding TPAS was able to explain varieties from variable of community's attitude toward enviroiimental health with 34,3% and the rest was 65,7% from other variables. Motivation to live gives contribution of 28,316% and length of stay was 5,936%, and this contribution had negative direction which meant that decreasing community's attitude toward environmental health. Keywords: Motivation to Live, attitude, environmental health

Kata Kunci : Motivasi,Sikap,Kesehatan lingkungan,Pembuangan sampah